A Case of Alveolar Echinococcosis Presenting as Cerebral and Spinal Intradural Metastases

Atalan, Güneri; Sivrioğlu, Ali Kemal; Sönmez, Güner; Celik, Mahir; Şimşek, Berksan

doi:10.5152/eurasianjmed.2015.15003

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a rare zoonotic parasitic disease in humans caused by the larvae of Echinococcus multilocularis . The larvae grow in a malignant tumour-like pattern and can spread to the lungs, brain, kidneys and other distant organs through the blood circulatory system [ 1 , 2 ]. E. multilocularis is largely restricted to the northern hemisphere, and the highest prevalence rates of infection occur in Central Asia, Russia, northwestern China, and parts of Europe and Japan [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro efficacy of crocin against Echinococcus multilocularis

et al. 2021

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Background Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a fatal zoonosis caused by the larvae of Echinococcus multilocularis. However, current chemotherapy treatment options are based on benzimidazoles [albendazole (ABZ) and mebendazole], which have limited efficacy. Therefore, novel drugs are necessary for the treatment of this disease. Methods The anthelmintic effects of crocin were tested on E. multilocularis metacestodes, germinal cells and protoscoleces in vitro. Human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) and Reuber rat hepatoma (RH) cells were used to assess cytotoxicity. The in vivo efficacy of crocin was investigated in mice following secondary infection with E. multilocularis. Furthermore, collagen deposition and degradation in host tissues around the metacestodes were evaluated. Results In vitro, crocin had a median effective concentration of 11.36 μM against cultured E. multilocularis metacestodes, while it reduced germinal cell viability at a median inhibitory concentration of 10.05 μM. Crocin was less toxic to HFFs and RH mammalian cell lines than to metacestodes. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that crocin treatment resulted in structural damage in the germinal layer. In addition, 60.33 ± 3.06% of protoscoleces were killed by treatment with 10 μM crocin for 7 days, indicating that crocin has a parasiticidal effect. In vivo, the metacestode weight was significantly reduced after the administration of crocin at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg (55.1 and 68.1%, respectively). Metacestode pathology showed structural disruption of the germinal and laminated layers after crocin treatment. The crocin- and ABZ-treated groups presented significant increases in the levels of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4. Furthermore, crocin inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (MMP2 and MMP9) and promoted collagen deposition in the metacestode. Conclusions Crocin was demonstrated to exert parasiticidal activity against E. multilocularis in vitro and in vivo, and can be developed as a novel drug for the treatment of AE. Graphical abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro efficacy of crocin against Echinococcus multilocularis

et al. 2021

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“…The clinical symptoms of brain AE depends on the degree of damage to central nervous system, including common symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, epilepsy, neurological disorders (such as blurred vision and paralysis), and cranial nerve palsy [ 21 ]. The CT and MRI of cerebral AE are mostly solid or multilocular cystic masses with clear boundaries, accompanied by calcification and peripheral edema [ 4 ]. Our patient also presented obvious nervous system involvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though AE is a benign disease caused by parasites in histopathology, it shows the growth characteristics of malignant tumors [ 2 ]. Almost all AE originates in the liver and can spread to distant organs such as the lungs, brain, and kidneys through blood circulation [ 3 , 4 ]. Human are not suitable intermediate hosts for E. multilocularis , and the presence of the protoscolices is rarely observed in the lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Human Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis Accompanied by Lung and Brain Metastases

Liu

Fan

2021

Korean J Parasitol

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Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is considered as a fatal zoonosis caused by the larvae of Echinococcus multilocularis. The lungs and brain are the most common metastatic organs. We report a human case of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis accompanied by lung and brain metastasis. In particular, the patient had a history of tuberculosis and the lung lesions were easily misdiagnosed as lung abscesses. The lesions of liver and lung underwent radical resection and confirmed as alveolar echinococcosis by pathological examination. The patient had no surgical complications after operation and was discharged after symptomatic treatment. Unfortunately, the patient later developed multiple intracerebral AE metastases. We required the patient to take albendazole orally for life and follow up.

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“…Brain involvement is considered a sign of the terminal phase of alveolar echinococcosis. In a recent paper was reported a 67-year-old female who had liver alveolar hydatid disease with brain and spinal intradural involvement [6]. Cerebral localization of E. granulosus especially affects children and is more frequently located in the supratentorial region.…”

Section: Cerebral Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidental finding of heart and brain echinococcosis in a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning

Perde¹,

Enachescu²,

Ceauşu³

2016

RJLM

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Heart and brain involvement of hydatid disease are rare findings in autopsy practice. We report the case of a 26-year-old man, admitted for a carbon monoxide poisoning, who died after 24 days of hospitalisation with hypoxic encephalopathy. After an underdiagnosed hospital ultrasound finding and a relevant history, the autopsy revealed not only the hepatic hydatid cyst but also an extensive microscopic echinococcosis that affected the heart and the brain. Those results, traumatic and non-traumatic can be difficult to interpret in relation to medico-legal investigation and patient history.

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A Case of Alveolar Echinococcosis Presenting as Cerebral and Spinal Intradural Metastases

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

In vivo and in vitro efficacy of crocin against Echinococcus multilocularis

In vivo and in vitro efficacy of crocin against Echinococcus multilocularis

A Case of Human Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis Accompanied by Lung and Brain Metastases

Incidental finding of heart and brain echinococcosis in a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning

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