A case of an unexplained eosinophilic myocarditis in a dog

Keeshen, T. P.; Chalkley,; Stauthammer, Christopher D.

doi:10.1016/j.jvc.2016.03.001

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In humans, severe myocardial interstitial edema due to acute myocarditis can result in reversible ventricular wall thickening (7,8,14). In veterinary medicine, myocarditis caused by toxoplasma, bartonella, feline immunodeficiency virus, feline infectious peritonitis, feline leukemia virus infection, toxins, or eosinophilic myocarditis can lead to an increase in ventricular wall thickness (5,11,16,22). However, myocarditis has been rarely identified in cats and is poorly described in small animals, as it requires histological diagnosis which typically involves post-mortem examination or endomyocardial biopsy (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we could not rule out heartworm infection by antibody test. Although SNAP feline triple kit shows relatively high sensitivity and specificity (90.2%, 100%, respectively) (11), running both an antibody and antigen test improves sensitivity compared with running either test alone (20). Also, methods for recognition, evaluation, and physiological measurement of chronic stress in the cat are lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transient Myocardial Thickening in a 4-year-old Korean Domestic Shorthair Cat

Joung,

Ahn,

Choi

et al. 2024

J Vet Clin

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A 4-year-old neutered female domestic shorthair cat weighing 5.1 kg was referred to Jeju National University Hospital with acute onset respiratory distress, weakness, and anorexia. The patient had a history of stressful antecedent events that involved bullying by a newly introduced cat. Thoracic radiography and echocardiography revealed a stage C hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotype based on the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine classification system with pulmonary edema, pleural effusion, and pericardial effusion at the same time. The patient was treated with furosemide, pimobendan, and rivaroxaban. Pericardiocentesis was performed because pericardial effusion was identified. Reevaluation after 30 days revealed a normal respiratory rate on physical examination, normal cardiac shape on thoracic radiographs, and normal cardiac measurements on echocardiography. The patient was tentatively diagnosed with transient myocardial thickening (TMT) and all medications were discontinued. Six months after the initial hospitalization, the cat continued to do well without any clinical signs or left ventricular wall thickening. This case is the first report describing feline TMT in Korea. Moreover, it involves a rare case in which pulmonary edema, pleural effusion, and pericardial effusion, which induce cardiac tamponade, occurred simultaneously due to TMT-related congestive heart failure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Myocardial Thickening in a 4-year-old Korean Domestic Shorthair Cat

Joung,

Ahn,

Choi

et al. 2024

J Vet Clin

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“…Myocardial edema is one of the main features of the inflammatory response in acute myocarditis in humans . Myocarditis is poorly described in small animals but increased LVWT can occur with toxoplasma myocarditis, myocarditis caused by FIV, and in eosinophilic myocarditis . The increased LVWT can normalize if the patient survives the acute CHF episode, as described in a cat with toxoplasma myocarditis …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Myocardial Thickening in Cats Associated with Heart Failure

Matos

Pereira

Glaus

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundCats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and congestive heart failure (CHF) can have resolution of both left ventricular hypertrophy and CHF.ObjectivesTo describe the clinical characteristics of cats with transient myocardial thickening (TMT) and CHF compared with a control population of cats without resolution of HCM.AnimalsA total of 21 cats with TMT, 21 cats with HCM.MethodsRetrospective study. Clinical records at 4 veterinary centers were searched for TMT cases and a control group of cats with HCM and CHF. TMT was defined as initial maximal left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) ≥6 mm with left‐sided CHF, with subsequent resolution of CHF, reduction in left atrium/aorta (LA/Ao), and LVWT<5.5 mm. HCM was defined as persistent LVWT ≥6 mm.ResultsCats with TMT were younger (2 [0.4–11.4] years) than cats with HCM (8 [1.6–14] years) (P < 0.0001), and antecedent events were more common (15/21 versus 6/21, respectively) (P = 0.01). In cats with TMT, LVWT normalized from 6.8 [6.0–9.7] mm to 4.8 [2.8–5.3] mm and LA/Ao decreased from 1.8 [1.6–2.3] to 1.45 [1.2–1.7] after a mean interval of 3.3 (95% CI: 1.8–4.7) months. CHF recurred in 1 of 21 TMT and 15 of 21 cats with HCM. Cardiac treatment was discontinued in 20 of 21 cats with TMT and 0 of 21 HCM cats. All cats with TMT survived, whereas 8 of 19 cats with HCM died during the study period.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceTMT occurs in younger cats, and antecedent events are common. The prognosis is better in cats with CHF associated with TMT than HCM.

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“…Eosinophilic myocarditis, a rare form of cardiac disease in humans, is most commonly associated with hypersensitivity or allergic reactions . Eosinophilic myocarditis recently also has been reported in dogs . Primary inflammatory myocarditis in horses is rare, and an eosinophilic component has not been previously described …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Third‐Degree Atrioventricular Block and Collapse Associated with Eosinophilic Myocarditis in a Horse

Luethy

Slack

Kraus

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Third‐degree atrioventricular block (AVB) and primary inflammatory myocarditis are uncommon findings in horses. The horse of this report presented for collapse at rest and was found to have multiple cardiac arrhythmias, most notably 3rd‐degree AVB. The horse was subsequently diagnosed with eosinophilic myocarditis on necropsy, a rare form of myocarditis not previously reported in horses. Despite extensive testing, an etiologic agent could not be identified, illustrating the difficulty in identifying a specific cause of myocarditis in horses.

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A case of an unexplained eosinophilic myocarditis in a dog

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Transient Myocardial Thickening in a 4-year-old Korean Domestic Shorthair Cat

Transient Myocardial Thickening in a 4-year-old Korean Domestic Shorthair Cat

Transient Myocardial Thickening in Cats Associated with Heart Failure

Third‐Degree Atrioventricular Block and Collapse Associated with Eosinophilic Myocarditis in a Horse

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