A case of autoimmune thyroiditis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Gurkan, Sevgi; Dikman, Steven; Saland, M. Jeffrey

doi:10.1007/s00467-007-0668-y

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…The most commonly observed association is with membranous nephropathy,[7475] followed by IgA nephropathy,[76] membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis,[77] and minimal change disease. [78] There are several mechanisms for these associations.…”

Section: Other Kidney Diseases Associated With Thyroid Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between thyroid disorders and kidney disease

Basu

Mohapatra

2012

Indian J Endocr Metab

256

208

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There are several interactions between thyroid and kidney functions in each other organ's disease states. Thyroid hormones affect renal development and physiology. Thyroid hormones have pre-renal and intrinsic renal effects by which they increase the renal blood flow and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Hypothyroidism is associated with reduced GFR and hyperthyroidism results in increased GFR as well as increased renin – angiotensin – aldosterone activation. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a low T3 syndrome which is now considered a part of an atypical nonthyroidal illness. CKD patients also have increased incidence of primary hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism. The physiological benefits of a hypothyroid state in CKD, and the risk of CKD progression with hyperthyroidism emphasize on a conservative approach in the treatment of thyroid hormone abnormalities in CKD. Thyroid dysfunction is also associated with glomerulonephritis often by a common autoimmune etiology. Several drugs could affect both thyroid and kidney functions. There are few described interactions between thyroid and renal malignancies. A detailed knowledge of all these interactions is important for both the nephrologists and endocrinologists for optimal management of the patient.

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Section: Other Kidney Diseases Associated With Thyroid Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between thyroid disorders and kidney disease

Basu

Mohapatra

2012

Indian J Endocr Metab

256

208

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There is an increased incidence of AIT in patients with certain chromosomal abnormalities [Down syndrome (25), Turner syndrome (26), and, to a lesser extent, Klinefelter syndrome] as well as in patients with Noonan syndrome. AIT may be associated with chronic urticaria (27) and rarely with immune-complex glomerulonephritis (28). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Childhood

Brown¹

2012

Jcrpe

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Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is the most common thyroid disorder in the pediatric age range. The disease results from an as yet poorly characterized defect or defects in immunoregulation and a cascade of events progressing from lymphocyte infiltration of the thyroid, to T-cell- and cytokine-mediated thyroid follicular cell injury, and apoptotic cell death. Approximately 70% of disease risk has been attributed to genetic background with environmental factors being important in triggering disease in susceptible individuals. The contribution of individual genes is small and probably polymorphisms in multiple genes play a role. Some immunosusceptibility genes affect immune recognition or response in general, while others are thyroid-specific. Environmental agents may act through an epigenetic mechanism. Antibodies (Abs) to a variety of thyroid-specific antigens are detectable in a majority of patients, but the role of Abs in mediating cell injury and death is unclear and only thyrotropin (TSH) receptor Abs significantly affect thyroid function by interfering with (or stimulating) the action of TSH. Nonetheless, thyroid peroxidase (TPO) Abs and thyroglobulin (Tg) Abs, present in a majority of patients, are valuable diagnostically as markers of underlying autoimmune thyroid destruction. TSH receptor blocking Abs are found in ˜18% of children and adolescents with severe hypothyroidism and, when persistent, may identify an adolescent likely to have a baby with TSH receptor blocking Ab-induced congenital hypothyroidism. AIT may coexist with other organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Although the most common age at presentation is adolescence, the disease may occur rarely in children <1 year of life.Conflict of interest:None declared.

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“…10–12 The most common glomerular lesion among these reports based on renal biopsy findings is membranous glomerulonephritis. 13 The pathogenesis of glomerular disease and proteinuria in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis is not well understood. The major proposed mechanism focuses on deposition of immune complexes in glomerular basement membranes in conjunction with derangement in renal hemodynamic and architecture secondary to hypothyroidism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major proposed mechanism focuses on deposition of immune complexes in glomerular basement membranes in conjunction with derangement in renal hemodynamic and architecture secondary to hypothyroidism. 13 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%