A case of basal cell carcinoma of the nictitating membrane in a dog

Abstract

Key Clinical MessageA case of a basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the nictitating membrane (NM) in a 9‐year‐old female spayed dachshund is reported. Computed tomography and resection of the NM followed by cryosurgery was performed. Although uncommon, BCC should be considered as a differential diagnosis for tumors of the NM.

Computed tomographic features of third eyelid gland adenocarcinoma in a dog: a case report

“…In the present case, the third eyelid gland adenocarcinoma invaded the retrobulbar space through the ventromedial aspect of the ipsilateral globe and displaced the globe dorsolaterally, like the previous two cases [3,6]. Another dog with basal cell carcinoma originating from the third eyelid gland showed dorsal displacement of the ipsilateral eye globe [7]. However, exophthalmos can be caused by primary orbital conditions such as abscess, cellulitis, and tumors, or by disease extension from adjacent structures such as zygomatic sialadenitis, zygomatic salivary mucocele, and masticatory myositis [9].…”

“…Diagnostic imaging is needed to localize the mass to the third eyelid gland and differentiate it from the mass originating from adjacent tissues [1,3,7]. The orbital masses can be originated primarily from the muscle of the eye, fat, nerves, blood vessels, and tear glands.…”

Challenges in diagnosing canine spindle cell tumours using immunohistochemistry, illustrated by three nonpigmented malignant cases from the nictitating membrane

“…Tumours of the membrana nictitans are quite rare in dogs [1,2], the most common being adenomas or adenocarcinomas arising in the membrana nictitans gland [2][3][4][5]. Other tumours recorded are squamous cell carcinomas [5,6] and papillomas [3,7]; melanomas and melanocytomas [3,8]; hemangiosarcomas [9,10], hemangiomas [3,10,11] and angiokeratomas [12,13]; leiomyoma [14]; mast cell tumours [15]; lymphomas [16,17]; plasmacytomas [18] [G. C. Shaw, personal communication, COPLOW, 2019], myoepitheliomas [19,20], basal cell carcinomas [20][21][22] and complex carcinomas [20]; a transmissible venereal tumour [23]; a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour [24]; and a histiocytoma [3].…”

Basal cell adenocarcinoma on bulbar conjunctiva of third eyelid in a dog

“…Conjunctival tumors are relatively rare in dogs, but various types of benign and malignant canine conjunctival tumors have been reported, including cases of melanoma and melanocytoma [5], hemangiosarcoma and hemangioma [19], transmissible venereal tumors [15], mast cell tumors [8], lymphoma [14], angiokeratoma [2], and papilloma [25]. Conjunctival malignant epithelial tumors are extremely rare in dogs, and all of the reported cases involved squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) [13] or basal cell carcinoma (BCC) [21].…”

“…In dogs, although conjunctival tumor are relatively rare, various types of malignant and benign conjunctival tumors have been reported. Among canine conjunctival tumors, malignant epithelial tumors are uncommon, all of the reported cases involved SCC or BCC [13, 21]. The incidence rates of epithelial tumors differ among animal species, and the following types of conjunctival malignant epithelial tumors have been seen in animals: SCC and BCC in horses [1, 11], SCC in cows [22], and SCC and conjunctival mucoepidermoid carcinoma (conjunctival surface adenocarcinoma) in cats [4, 5].…”