A Case of Cleft Palate in a Kuril Seal (Phoca vitulina stejnegeri), from Hokkaido, Japan

Suzuki, Masatsugu; Kishimoto, Mikio; Hayama, Shin-ichi; Ohtaishi, Noriyuki; Nakane, Fumio

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-28.3.490

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Leipold (1980) published a list of 145 congenital anomalies from wild and zoological mammals, of which seven were from marine mammals including one fur seal (ectrodactyly-lack of all or parts of the digits). Additionally, two nonfatal anomalies were reported in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus; Sweeney and Gilmartin, 1974) and 17 congenital anomalies were reported in phocids (Csordas, 1966;Griner, 1983;Baker, 1984;Suzuki et al, 1992;Trupkiewicz et al, 1997). The types of congenital anomalies found during this investigation varied from year to year with no specific pattern observed.…”

Section: Northern Fur Seal Pupsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Causes of Mortality in Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus Ursinus), St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, 1986–2006

Spraker

Lander

2010

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:To determine whether infectious diseases might have contributed to the present-day decline of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus), preweaned pups (n52,735), subadult males (n598), and adults (n5179) were examined postmortem from 1986 to 2006 on St. Paul Island, Alaska. Gross necropsy findings and histologic lesions were used to determine causes of death. Five general categories of mortality were identified for pups: emaciation (1,454 pups, 53%), trauma (497 pups, 18%), perinatal mortality (516 pups, 19%), infectious diseases (82 pups, 3%), and miscellaneous causes (186 pups, 7%). A condition of unknown etiology characterized by multifocal necrotizing myopathy and cardiomyopathy was found in 92 pups. Thirty-three congenital anomalies were identified in 49 pups, including a rare multicentric ganglioneuroblastoma. General linear models were used to examine change in pup mortality and condition (i.e., pup mass) over time. The prevalence of perinatal mortality appeared to increase during the study and relative to past reports. Trauma and infectious conditions appeared to decrease slightly from 1986 to 2006. Although relatively stable during this investigation, emaciation was greater than that reported for past studies. Emaciated pups weighed less than expected during 1988, 1996, and 2004 and more than expected during 1987, 1989, 1990, and 1994 (P#0.003). Average annual weights for all other categories of mortality did not change significantly from 1986 to 2006. Fatal conditions for subadult males included hyperthermia, blunt trauma, entanglement, and bite wounds; nonfatal conditions included seizures, orange discoloration of the blubber, neoplasia, and parasitism. Causes of mortality for most adults included bite wounds with cellulitis and secondary infections, pulmonary edema, dystocia, blunt trauma, and neoplasia. We found no evidence to implicate infectious diseases as a cause in the recent decline of northern fur seals.

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Section: Northern Fur Seal Pupsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Causes of Mortality in Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus Ursinus), St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, 1986–2006

Spraker

Lander

2010

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…The underlying bones of the skull were misshapen, and the incisive bones and the left maxilla were bent toward the left. The right eye was shrunken and deformed, and the right external auditory meatus was smaller than the left (Suzuki et al, 1992).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Short Note: Intestinal Atresia in a Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina) and a Review of Congenital Conditions of the Species

Leger

Nilson

2014

Aquat Mamm

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“…Congenital diseases previously reported in harbor seals include cleft palate, cleft lips, cardiac defects, hydronephrosis, hiatal hernia, scoliosis, arthrogryposis, lens triplication, macroglossia, anorectal malformation and vaginal artesia, brain or cranial malformations, dwarfism, intestinal atresia, and neuroglial heterotopia [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. However, no descriptions of inner ear congenital malformations in harbor seals or other marine mammals have been documented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Inner Hair Cell Loss in a Neonate Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina)

Rojas

Haulena

Busse

et al. 2022

Animals

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Congenital hearing loss is recognized in humans and other terrestrial species. However, there is a lack of information on its prevalence or pathophysiology in pinnipeds. It is important to have baseline knowledge on marine mammal malformations in the inner ear, to differentiate between congenital and acquired abnormalities, which may be caused by infectious pathogens, age, or anthropogenic interactions, such as noise exposure. Ultrastructural evaluation of the cochlea of a neonate harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) by scanning electron microscopy revealed bilateral loss of inner hair cells with intact outer hair cells. The selective inner hair cell loss was more severe in the basal turn, where high-frequency sounds are encoded. The loss of inner hair cells started around 40% away from the apex or tip of the spiral, reaching a maximum loss of 84.6% of hair cells at 80–85% of the length from the apex. Potential etiologies and consequences are discussed. This is believed to be the first case report of selective inner hair cell loss in a marine mammal neonate, likely congenital.

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A Case of Cleft Palate in a Kuril Seal (Phoca vitulina stejnegeri), from Hokkaido, Japan

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Causes of Mortality in Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus Ursinus), St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, 1986–2006

Causes of Mortality in Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus Ursinus), St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, 1986–2006

Short Note: Intestinal Atresia in a Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina) and a Review of Congenital Conditions of the Species

Selective Inner Hair Cell Loss in a Neonate Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina)

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