A Case of Congenital Granular Cell Epulis in the Maxillary Anterior Ridge: A Study of Cell Proliferation Using Immunohistological Staining

Kato, H; Nomura, Junichi; Matsumura, Yoshihiko; Yanase, Shigeaki; Nakanishi, Kou; Tagawa, Tetsuya

doi:10.1007/s12663-011-0248-3

Cited by 10 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the present case, a low number of cells were Ki-67 positive, suggesting minimal cell proliferation, which was unexpected as CGCE is considered a recently formed lesion. This result is in agreement with Kato et al [ 10 ], who demonstrated a labeling index of 16.7% for CGCE granular cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The principal histological differential diagnosis of CGCE is granular cell tumor (GCT). Both lesions are histologically similar; however, when considering the clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical features together, it becomes possible to distinguish one from the other [ 3 , 10 , 11 ]. GCT is composed of large polygonal cells with an abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm arranged in layers, cords, or nests, with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of the epithelium and small peripheral nerves are often observed [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also highlights the absence of Schwann cells in CGCE, which corroborates the findings of other studies [ 2 , 4 – 7 , 12 ]. Other studies have, however, reported positivity for neuron-specific enolase (NSE), suggesting that a neural origin should not be ruled out [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Congenital Granular Cell Epulis: Case Report and Immunohistochemical Profile with Emphasis on Vascularization

Bianchi

Araújo

Ribeiro

et al. 2015

Case Reports in Dentistry

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Congenital granular cell epulis is a rare benign soft tissue lesion arising from the alveolar ridge in neonates. A rare case of multiple congenital granular cell epulis is reported, alongside a description of its vascular immunohistochemical profile. A female newborn presented with two exophytic pedunculated red nodules located on the alveolar ridge between the future eruption sites of the incisors and canines of the mandible and maxilla. A conservative surgical excision was performed on the second day of life. Histology revealed proliferation of round granular cells containing an abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm with basophilic nuclei, ranging from round to oval in shape. Numerous blood vessels were also seen. Immunohistochemical analysis of the granular cells revealed positivity for CD68, D2-40, Ki67, VEGF, and FGF and negativity for S100, CD34, and CD105. Immunostaining for CD34, CD105, and D2-40 confirmed the presence of a large number of blood and lymphatic vessels. Although rare, an understanding of this lesion is paramount for correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment. In the present report, the immunohistochemical profile confirmed increased vascularization, proving that these lesions are composed of not only new and preexisting blood vessels, but also lymphatic vessels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multiple Congenital Granular Cell Epulis: Case Report and Immunohistochemical Profile with Emphasis on Vascularization

Bianchi

Araújo

Ribeiro

et al. 2015

Case Reports in Dentistry

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“…CGCE tends to distinctively stain negative for S-100, laminin, CD34, CD68, NGFR/ p75, inhibin-alpha, chromogranin, desmin, keratins, smooth muscle actin, CD31, and GLUT-1 and conversely stains positive for vimentin and neuron-specific enolase [2,3,14]. Proliferation index of CGCE determined by Ki-67 and PCNA immunostaining is reported to be 11.1-16.7% and 15.1-33.3%, respectively [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital Granular Cell Epulis: Classic Presentation and Its Differential Diagnosis

Cheung

Putra

2019

Head and Neck Pathol

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Congenital granular cell epulis (CGCE) is an uncommon lesion of unclear pathogenesis. It occurs predominantly in female newborns with a predilection site of the maxillary alveolar ridge. The mass enlarges prenatally but the growth arrests after birth. Histologically, CGCE is characterized by a proliferation of polygonal cells with eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm and eccentric, bland-appearing nuclei. It closely resembles adult granular cell tumor (GCT) microscopically and S-100 immunostain is often helpful in distinguishing the two (S-100-positive in GCT and S-100-negative in CGCE). Clinically, the lesion should also be distinguished from entities such as infantile myofibroma, rhabdomyoma, melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy, peripheral odontogenic fibroma, and neurofibroma. CGCE demonstrates an excellent prognosis and has not been associated with any syndromes/genetic defects or malignant transformation. Clinicians and pathologists should be familiar with this rare entity and its differential diagnosis for accurate diagnosis and management.

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“…Although many immunohistochemical outcomes have been demonstrated (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), the exact histogenesis of CGCT is still unclear. The possible cellular origins include epithelial, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and nerve-related cells (13).…”

Section: Hypothesis Of Histogenesis and Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple congenital granular cell tumours of the maxilla and mandible: a rare case report and review of the literature

et al. 2021

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Congenital granular cell tumour (CGCT) is a benign lesion that predominantly arises from the alveolar ridges of neonates, especially the maxilla. However, it's only 10 percent of multiple lesions in all reported cases, in which simultaneously mandibular and maxillary involvements are more extremely rare.For treatments of multiple CGCTs, few standard procedures were reported. In addition to surgical excision, which refers to a preferred method, conservative treatment is an available choice. Here, a case of multiple CGCTs using different therapeutic strategies was reported because of its rarity and innovation. A fiveday-old female newborn presented two congenital masses attached to the right mandibular and maxillary alveolar ridge. The size of the mandibular lesion causing difficulty in feeding was 3 cm in diameter and 0.5 cm in the maxilla. Based on different manifestations, surgical excision and conservative treatment were adopted respectively. The mandibular mass was excised while that in the maxilla underwent spontaneous regression. Satisfactory results were achieved for this patient. There was no evidence of recurrence after a 6-month follow-up. Microscopic examination and immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of CGCT and even proposed the possibility of histogenesis from neural crest. Moreover, we reviewed the literature and summarized the characteristics to provide new ideas for the treatment of multiple CGCTs.

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A Case of Congenital Granular Cell Epulis in the Maxillary Anterior Ridge: A Study of Cell Proliferation Using Immunohistological Staining

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Multiple Congenital Granular Cell Epulis: Case Report and Immunohistochemical Profile with Emphasis on Vascularization

Multiple Congenital Granular Cell Epulis: Case Report and Immunohistochemical Profile with Emphasis on Vascularization

Congenital Granular Cell Epulis: Classic Presentation and Its Differential Diagnosis

Multiple congenital granular cell tumours of the maxilla and mandible: a rare case report and review of the literature

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