A case of contact dermatitis due to dental surface anaesthetic

Izaki, Satoshi; Hayama, Koremasa; Fujita, Hideki

doi:10.1111/cod.13716

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Subcategories of local anesthesia include surface anesthesia, local infiltration anesthesia, intravenous local anesthesia, peripheral nerve blocks, and spinal canal anesthesia. 4 Traditional local anesthetics, also referred to as surface anesthetics, are commonly available in the form of ointments, gels, lotions, or sprays. 5 In comparison with general anesthetics, local anesthetics have a lesser impact on the physiological state of the body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Anesthetic Nanomedicines: Current State and Challenges

Zhang¹,

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

IJN

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Anesthetics, which include both local and general varieties, are a unique class of drugs widely utilized in clinical surgery to alleviate pain and promote relaxation in patients. Although numerous anesthetics and their traditional formulations are available in the market, only a select few exhibit excellent anesthetic properties that meet clinical requirements. The main challenges are the potential toxic and adverse effects of anesthetics, as well as the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which makes it difficult for most general anesthetics to effectively penetrate to the brain. Loading anesthetics onto nanocarriers as anesthetic nanomedicines might address these challenges and improve anesthesia effectiveness, reduce toxic and adverse effects, while significantly enhance the efficiency of general anesthetics passing through the BBB. Consequently, anesthetic nanomedicines play a crucial role in the field of anesthesia. Despite their significance, research on anesthetic nanomedicines is still in its infancy, especially when compared to other types of nanomedicines in terms of depth and breadth. Although local anesthetic nanomedicines have received considerable attention and essentially meet clinical needs, there are few reported instances of nanomedicines for general anesthetics. Given the extensive usage of anesthetics and the many of them need for improved performance, emerging anesthetic nanomedicines face both unparalleled opportunities and considerable challenges in terms of theory and technology. Thus, a comprehensive summary with systematic analyses of anesthetic nanomedicines is urgently required. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the classification, properties, and research status of anesthetic nanomedicines, along with an exploration of their opportunities and challenges. In addition, future research directions and development prospects are discussed. It is hoped that researchers from diverse disciplines will collaborate to study anesthetic nanomedicines and develop them as a valuable anesthetic dosage form for clinical surgery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%