A case of feline primary duodenal carcinoid with intestinal hemorrhage

Abstract

A 15-year-old neutered male Persian cat was presented with recurrent hematemesis and melena. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a mass in the proximal descending duodenal wall. Endoscopic examination revealed hemorrhage on the luminal side of the mass. Fine-needle aspiration of the mass was performed. Microscopic analysis revealed a cluster of cells with oval nuclei and indistinct cell borders, suggesting a neoplastic disease of neuroendocrine origin. The mass located near the major duodenal papilla was partially resected, and the bleeding was stopped by cauterization. However, the surgical procedures could not control the hemorrhage from the tumor mass, and the cat died of severe anemia. Immunohistopathological analysis revealed that the tumor was a duodenal carcinoid.

Metastatic pancreatic carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation in a cat

“…The first-choice treatment is radical surgical excision; therefore, the anatomic location of the tumor has great impact on treatment and prognosis. 22 In the case described, the surgical approach for a complete resection of the tumor was not possible because of the metastases presented in several abdominal organs, so euthanasia was indicated.…”

“…16,20 Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors can cause clinical signs of mass effect or hormone production 21 ; thus, they are classified as functional and non-functional tumors based on the ability to produce bioactive substances. 22 In humans, most (50-75%) of them are non-functional tumors 23 and are at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, becoming symptomatic only when they cause the mass effect (compression of structures, abdominal pain, peritoneal effusion). 24 In cats, some functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, including gastrin, glucagon or insulin-producing tumors, have been reported.…”

Olfactory neuroblastoma in a domestic cat and review of the literature

“…They are unusually reported in domestic species but have been described in the nasal cavity of dogs and horses. 1 Extra-nasal locations in different animal species include the kidney, 11 mammary gland, 12 and stomach 13 (dogs), duodenum (a cat), 14 liver and gallbladder 15 (a cow), skin, 16 and respiratory tract 17 Specific immunohistochemistry markers are also required to distinguish melanomas (especially anaplastic and amelanotic) and rhabdomyosarcomas (which can express neuroendocrine markers) from ONBs. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for S-100, vimentin, and/ or melan-A or HMB45 are mandatory for confirmation of melanoma, whereas actin and desmin are required for the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma.…”

“…They are unusually reported in domestic species but have been described in the nasal cavity of dogs and horses 1 . Extra‐nasal locations in different animal species include the kidney, 11 mammary gland, 12 and stomach 13 (dogs), duodenum (a cat), 14 liver and gallbladder 15 (a cow), skin, 16 and respiratory tract 17 (cats). Histologically, they may resemble ONBs due to the endocrine‐type growth pattern as well as variable mitotic figures and necrotic areas with or without mineralization.…”

Non-functional neuroendocrine tumor with multisystemic metastasis in a cat

“…In humans, NEN has already been described in most organs; however, the primary sites most frequently affected are lungs and gastrointestinal tract (1). In felines, neuroendocrine neoplasms of the skin (19), digestive tract organs as esophagus (18), stomach (5), intestine (16), liver (3,11,20), and pancreas (12), as well as aortic body (8,17) among others (4, 9) have already been described. However, multisystemic metastatic spread is rare (8,12) The purpose of this report is to describe anatomopathological and immunohistochemical findings of a non-functional neuroendocrine tumor with multisystemic metastasis in a cat.…”