A case of idiopathic thyroid abscess caused by Escherichia coli

Abstract

Suppurative thyroiditis with an abscess is a rare form of thyroiditis that can present as a diagnostic challenge. Its rarity is attributed to unique features of the thyroid gland that make it resistant to infection. Delay in diagnosis often can lead to morbid complications from the progression of the infection. Although more likely to be caused by gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative organisms are also known to cause this infection which often requires surgical treatment. The authors present a case of thyroid abscess from Escherichia coli from an unknown source.

Acute Suppurative Thyroiditis Secondary to Escherichia coli Infection

“…Thyroiditis is an inflammation of the thyroid gland and may have a variety of aetiologies [1] . Factors such as capsular encasement, a rich vascular supply, good lymphatic drainage and the presence of iodine and hydrogen peroxide make the gland resistant to infections [1,2] .…”

“…Thyroiditis is an inflammation of the thyroid gland and may have a variety of aetiologies [1] . Factors such as capsular encasement, a rich vascular supply, good lymphatic drainage and the presence of iodine and hydrogen peroxide make the gland resistant to infections [1,2] . AST is a relatively uncommon form of thyroiditis with an incidence of 0.1-0.7% of all thyroid disorders [1,2] .…”

“…and Candida. E. coli is a rare cause of AST [1][2][3] . AST complicated by thyroid abscess is extremely rare and can be associated with life-threatening complications if left untreated.…”

“…Surgical drainage is also indicated for persistent or recurrent abscesses. Potential complications of a thyroid abscess include thyroid storm, internal jugular vein thrombosis, airway obstruction, tracheal or oesophageal perforation, necrotizing mediastinitis, sepsis and death [1,5] . Timely intervention is required to prevent potentially fatal consequences [3] .…”

“…Timely intervention is required to prevent potentially fatal consequences [3] . With effective antibiotic therapy and surgical drainage, patients typically have an excellent prognosis [1] . The outcome from AST has ranged from complete resolution to 12% or higher mortality in the absence of immediate intervention [3] .…”