A Case of Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Presenting as Mass-Like Encephalitis, With Progression to Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Rheumatoid arthritis with aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica receiving rituximab therapy

“…Despite an extending spectrum of rheumatology disorders associated with NMO, including antiphospholipid syndrome, primary Sjögren's syndrome, SLE, and systemic sclerosis, there is no inclusion of RA. [ 5 , 6 ] An investigation of NMOSD identified juvenile RA as a coexistent autoimmune disorder,[ 7 ] and a survey on optic neuritis showed a poor visual outcome associated with RA. [ 8 ] Interestingly, a case with overlap syndrome involving RA and polymyositis was diagnosed to have NMOSD with the presence of anti-AQP4-positive longitudinal myelopathy.…”