A case of β-carboline alkaloid intoxication following ingestion of Peganum harmala seed extract

Frison, Giampietro; Favretto, Donata; Zancanaro, Flavio; Fazzin, Giorgio; Ferrara, Santo Davide

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.05.003

Cited by 99 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Besides, harmine showed beneficial effects on naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent rats [25] . Harmine can stimulate the central nervous system by inhibiting the metabolism of amine neurotransmitters or by direct interaction with specific receptors [26] . Effects of harmine on hyperhomocysteinemia on expression of DYRK1A were investigated and the results showed that it abolished with harmine treatment [27] .…”

Section: Effect Of Harmine On Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on medicinal importance, pharmacological activity and bioanalytical aspects of beta-carboline alkaloid “Harmine”

Patel

Gadewar

Tripathi

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

219

120

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Section: Effect Of Harmine On Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on medicinal importance, pharmacological activity and bioanalytical aspects of beta-carboline alkaloid “Harmine”

Patel

Gadewar

Tripathi

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

219

120

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“…It has frequently been used in traditional medicine and as an abortive agent (Lamchouri et al, 2002). In Iran, dried capsules -mixed with other ingredients-are burnt to produce scented smoke that is used to purify the air and the mind, but it is mostly used as a charm against "the evil eye" (Frison et al, 2008).…”

Section: Abstract: Peganum Harmala Topical Bioassay Aphid Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic and Repellent effecto of Harmal (Peganum harmala L.) Acetonic Extract on Several Aphids and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)

Salari

Ahmadi

Dehyaghobi

et al. 2012

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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To reduce the dependence on the sometimes unwise use of synthetic pesticides in fruit and vegetable plantations, the toxicity and repellence of Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) acetonic seed extract was assayed against several insect pests. For contact toxicity, 3-to 4-d-old individuals of Aphis fabae Scopoli, A. gossypii Glover, A. nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were included, as well as 1-to 7-d-old adult Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Repellent effect experiments were conducted on adult, 1-to 2-and 3-to 4-d old M. persicae individuals. At 60 mg mL -1 , the topical bioassay mortality percentage was significantly higher in A. gossypii than in A. fabae and A. nerii after 12-72 h. Mortality of the treatments on M. persicae was 87.1% and 90.0% after 24 and 48 h, respectively, and significantly higher than A. fabae and A. nerii during this period. At 60 mg mL -1 , the mortality of T. castaneum was much lower than that of the aphid species. The highest repellent index (over 72%) was observed on 1-to 2-d-old M. persicae individuals.

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“…However, no literature exists concerning urinary excretion, clearance and metabolism of the known major constituents of ayahuasca in combination. Only two reports of the analysis of a select few of ayahuasca's known components in urine have been published (Frison et al, 2008;Bjornstad et al, 2009) and no data concerning the fate of ayahuasca-derived DMT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for and the determination of the major constituents and metabolites of the Amazonian botanical medicine ayahuasca in human urine

McIlhenny

Riba

Barbanoj

et al. 2010

Biomedical Chromatography

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Ayahuasca, also known as caapi or yage among various South American groups, holds a highly esteemed and millennia-old position in these cultures' medical and religious pharmacopeia. There is now an increasing interest in the potential for modern medical applications of ayahuasca, as well as concerns regarding its increasing potential for abuse. Toxicological and clinical research to address these issues will require information regarding its metabolism and clearance. Thus, a rapid, sensitive and specific method for characterization and quantitation of the major constituents and of the metabolites of ayahuasca in urine is needed. The present research provides a protocol for conducting such analyses. The characteristics of the method, conducted by sample dilution and using HPLC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-tandem mass spectrometry, are presented. The application of the analytical protocol to urine samples collected from three individuals that were administered ayahuasca has also been demonstrated. The data show that the major metabolite of the hallucinogenic component of ayahuasca, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), is the corresponding N-oxide, the first time this metabolite has been described in in vivo studies in humans. Further, very little DMT was detected in urine, despite the inhibition of monoamine oxidase afforded by the presence of the harmala alkaloids in ayahuasca. The major harmala alkaloid excreted was tetrahydroharmine. Other excretion products and metabolites were also identified and quantified. The method described would be suitable for use in further toxicological and clinical research on ayahuasca.

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A case of β-carboline alkaloid intoxication following ingestion of Peganum harmala seed extract

Cited by 99 publications

References 22 publications

A review on medicinal importance, pharmacological activity and bioanalytical aspects of beta-carboline alkaloid “Harmine”

A review on medicinal importance, pharmacological activity and bioanalytical aspects of beta-carboline alkaloid “Harmine”

Toxic and Repellent effecto of Harmal (Peganum harmala L.) Acetonic Extract on Several Aphids and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)

Methodology for and the determination of the major constituents and metabolites of the Amazonian botanical medicine ayahuasca in human urine

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