A case report of metastasis of malignant mesothelioma to the oral gingiva

Abstract

IntroductionMetastatic mesothelioma to the oral cavity arises from the pleura or peritoneum and distant hematogenous metastases are seen in more than half of cases but only a few cases are reported to the oral cavity.CaseA 75 year old male suffering from metastatic mesothelioma presents an hyperplasia of the attached gingiva. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare tumour arising from pleura, pericardium or peritoneum.ConclusionThis article highlights the importance of biopsy and histopathological diagnosis of oral lesions especially in case of a malignant history.

Epithelioid malignant mesothelioma metastatic to the skin: A case report and review of the literature

“…The diagnosis of MM can be challenging for several reasons, including delayed and non‐specific presentation, relative paucity of sensitive diagnostic techniques and histologic similarity to other neoplasms. Primary MM has a very long latency period, often presenting up to 4 or 5 decades post‐exposure, and is linked to asbestos exposure (including automobile brakes, which formerly contained asbestos) in up to 90% of cases of pleural MM . Due to the delay from exposure to onset of symptoms, the disease is typically far progressed at the time of diagnosis, with metastases typically appearing at a late stage of the disease .…”

“…There are 3 main histologic subtypes of MM: epithelioid (60%), sarcomatoid (10%‐20%) and biphasic or mixed (20%‐30%), which has both epithelioid and sarcomatoid components . The epithelioid subtype is comprised of trabecular cords of cuboidal, oval or polygonal cells that are usually clumped together with visible, elongated nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and may have various secondary patterns, including tubulopapillary, micropapillary, acinar, adenoid cystic, clear cell, signet ring, solid, small and large cell patterns and pleomorphic .…”

“…Primary MM has a very long latency period, often presenting up to 4 or 5 decades post-exposure, and is linked to asbestos exposure (including automobile brakes, which formerly contained asbestos) in up to 90% of cases of pleural MM. 1,5,6,20,[28][29][30][31] Due to the delay from exposure to onset of symptoms, the disease is typically far progressed at the time of diagnosis, with metastases typically appearing at a late stage of the disease. 3,9,25,32,33 Additionally, diag- However, sampling of body cavity fluid cytology is oftentimes nondiagnostic, with reports estimating the sensitivity to be between 33% and 84%.…”

Multiple distant metastases in a case of malignant pleural mesothelioma

“…Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a malignant of mesodermal neoplasm and arises from multipotential mesothelial or subserosal cells of the pleura, pericardium and peritoneum. Three different pathological forms are defined: epitheloid (60%), sarcomatoid (10–20%) and biphasic patterns (20–30%) [1] .…”

Stem Cells and Mesothelioma

“…Distant metastasis of Stage IV malignant mesothelioma is rare compared to other solid tumors that spread to bone, brain, and other metastatic sites. However there are case reports of mesothelioma metastasizing to brain, oral gingiva, and skin (Ishikawa, 2010;Moser, 2011;Terada, 2011). In breast cancer, MSC secretion of CCL5 induced a prometastatic effect on breast cancer cells; and tumors coinjected with MSCs showed multiple fold increase in the number of breast cancer cells metastasized to the lungs (Karnoub, 2007).…”