A Case Report of Mycobacterium Avium Complex Peritonitis in an AIDS Patient

Abstract

Peritonitis due to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is uncommon. The risk for MAC in AIDS patients is greatest in those with severely depressed CD4 count. The organs most commonly involved in disseminated MAC infection include spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and intestines. The involvement of peritoneum by MAC infection is rare. This is a case of MAC peritonitis in a 26-year-old female AIDS patient who is noncompliant to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This patient presented with abdominal pain and distension, anorexia, diarrhea, and cough. She was treated with rifabutin, clarithromycin, and ethambutol along with atovaquone for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis and so the patient's condition improved. MAC peritonitis should be considered in a patient presenting with nonspecific abdominal symptoms in the setting of AIDS and low CD4 count.

Intracranial abscess due to Mycobacterium avium complex in an immunocompetent host: a case report

“…Mycobacterium avium complex typically affects the lungs, but other manifestations have been described including involvement of spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and intestines [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. MAC infections have been diagnosed in patients without predisposing conditions or immunosuppression, but they typically present as focal pulmonary or gastrointestinal diseases or occasionally in disseminated forms usually sparing the CNS [ 1 , 8 , 9 ].…”