A case report of primary sternal osteomyelitis caused by polymicrobial bacteria, including Actinomyces israelii

Abstract

Highlights Actinomyces species colonize the human oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract. Primary sternal osteomyelitis is very rare, especially caused by Actinomyces israelii. Actinomycosis requires long-term antibiotic treatment. A. israelii should be included in the differential diagnosis as a causative pathogen of osteomyelitis.