A Case Series of Late Vascular Lesions of Traumatic Etiology: Endovascular and Surgical Approaches

Abstract

There is a broad spectrum of pathology in traumatic vascular injury. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is an abnormal communication between the high-flow arterial system and the low-flow venous network, directly connecting the afferent artery and nearby draining veins without the regular intervention of the capillary bed. Most of these fistulas occur due to incidental or iatrogenic injury. A retrospective review of procedures performed by an endovascular surgeon in a tertiary center identified 15 cases of vascular injuries that encompassed all these different clinical scenarios, including post-traumatic, iatrogenic, or spontaneous origin. The information collected, including patient age, sex, previous symptoms, and treatment, was gathered from medical records. In addition, information on procedural technique, endovascular devices used, and specific intraprocedural details were collected from procedure notes and angiographic images. A broad spectrum of injuries can present as late trauma complications (over three months); endovascular treatment is a safe and effective approach for intracranial and extracranial injuries. Endovascular treatment can be a sole option or adjuvant to other hybrid therapies and has emerged as essential for treating these lesions as a first option. We have described standard techniques to treat different vascular pathologies, sometimes with limited resources.

Ischemic Complication of a Rare Traumatic True Brachial Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report

“…Moreover, vascular trauma represents 3% of traumatic injuries, and in approximately 15% of vascular trauma cases, the upper extremity is affected [ 1 , 2 ]. The mechanism is related to the environment and can range from vasospasm with contusion to complete transection of the artery with significant hemorrhage [ 3 ].…”