A Case Study of Polar Cap Sporadic-E Layer Associated with TEC Variations

Wang, Yong; Jayachandran, P. T.; Themens, David R.; McCaffrey, Anthony M.; Zhang, Qinghe; David, S.; Chadwick, R.

doi:10.3390/rs13071324

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…During the latter interval of 02:40–09:00 UT, the dynamics of thin layer are quietly different from that in the former period, the height of the layer decreased from ∼150 to 120 km at around 03:20 UT and then lasted a quite long time (>6 hr) around at 110 km. The latter layer is the polar cap Es layer (e.g., Wang, Jayachandran, et al., 2021). During the period (00:00–01:20 UT), a cloud of weak echoes occurs at almost above 350 km, representing the ionospheric information of F region (beyond the scope of this article).…”

Section: Observations and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the description of the adopted mathematic method in detail, please refer to Wang, Jayachandran, et al. (2021). Here, the assumed altitude is supposed to be 100 km at where the polar cap Es layer often occurs.…”

Section: Observations and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Wang, Jayachandran, et al. (2021) simply mentioned the horizontal structure of the polar cap Es layer by using the multi‐beams of northward‐looking face of Resolute Incoherent‐Scatter Radar (RISR‐N) at Resolute Bay station, Canada. Chen et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In decades, the studies dealing with the characteristics of thin Es layers have been continued, which were carried out by using a large number of instruments, such as ionosondes, incoherent scatter radars, high‐frequency radars, radio‐occultation techniques, as well as GPS receivers (e.g., Bristow & Watkins, 1993; Chen et al., 2021; Fukao et al., 1998; Larsen et al., 2007; MacDougall et al., 2000a; Maeda & Heki, 2014; 2015; Maeda et al., 2016; Sun et al., 2018, 2020, 2021; Wang, Jayachandran, et al., 2021; Wu et al., 2005; Yeh et al., 2014). Recently, at middle latitudes, Maeda and Heki (2014); Maeda et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous Observations of a Polar Cap Sporadic‐E Layer by Twin Incoherent Scatter Radars at Resolute

et al. 2022

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At high latitudes, the Sporadic‐E layer (Es layer) is a common phenomenon but is still poorly understood due to sparse measurements and the difficulty of conventional mechanisms to operate. In this study, an interesting case of polar cap Es layer is first studied by using the twin incoherent scatter radars (northward‐looking face of Resolute Incoherent‐Scatter Radar and Resolute Incoherent‐Scatter Radar‐Canada), a Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosonde, and a Magnetometer, all at Resolute, Canada. From several electron density profiles of the twin radars, the horizontal scale of the polar cap Es layer is found to be greater than 350 km. Moreover, the polar cap Es layer is determined to be drifting from the bottom F region (>150 km) to the lower E region. Furthermore, a unique appearance of double polar cap Es layers is observed. As a result, these peculiar signatures inspire a newly proposed process that involves the combination of localized electric fields and gravity waves.

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Section: Observations and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Observations and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous Observations of a Polar Cap Sporadic‐E Layer by Twin Incoherent Scatter Radars at Resolute

et al. 2022

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“…Sporadic E (Es) layer is known as a narrow layer with dense electron density, which can occasionally occur in the E region ionosphere and severely interfere with long‐distance radio communications (e.g., Chris et al., 2020; Shaikh et al., 2020; Yue et al., 2016). The observations and theoretical explanations of the characteristics of the Es layers have always been very important for space weather and navigation communication (e.g., Arras et al., 2008; Chu et al., 2014; Haldoupis, 2011; Maeda & Heki, 2015; Qiu et al., 2019, 2021; Sun et al., 2018, 2021; Wang et al., 2021; Whitehead, 1960; Wu et al., 2005). Traditionally, the Es layers are mainly observed by the ground‐based equipment, such as the ionosonde and incoherent/coherent scatter radars (ISR, CSR; e.g., Christakis et al., 2009; Haldoupis et al., 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altitudinal and Latitudinal Variations in Ionospheric Sporadic‐E Layer Obtained From FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC Radio Occultation

Qiu

Yan

et al. 2021

JGR Space Physics

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Sporadic E (Es) layers are known for their layered structures with enhanced electron density. Recently, some scientists have studied the relationship between the occurrence rate and intensity of the Es layer in the global distribution. However, the relationship between the Es layer parameters (Es layer occurrence rate, Es layer intensity, Es layer thickness) in the vertical direction seems to be ignored to date. This paper highlights the vertical profiles of the occurrence rate, intensity, and thickness of the Es layers by using scintillation index (S4) from FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC satellites from July 2007 to March 2015. The results show that there are some persistent differences between the occurrence rate, intensity, and thickness of the Es layers in the vertical profiles, which is different from their general similarity in the latitude distribution. It is found that the Es layer occurrence rate has a maximum value at ∼102 km altitude, but the Es layer intensity and Es layer thickness reach their maximum at an altitude of ∼110 km. Besides, the intensity and thickness of the Es layer exhibit a high linear relationship, which suggests that the larger electron density of the Es layer, the thicker its thickness. The Horizontal Wind Model (HWM14) indicates that the latitudinal variations in Es layers parameters are highly coincident with the zonal wind shear. However, the altitudinal variations in Es layers parameters do not agree well with the zonal wind shear.

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Effect of the polar cap ionospheric sporadic-E layer on GNSS-based positioning: a case study at Resolute Bay, Canada, September 5, 2012

et al. 2022

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We focus on the impacts of the polar cap ionospheric sporadic-E (Es) layer that occurred at Resolute Bay, Canada, on September 5, 2012, on the quality of the Global Positioning System (GPS) observable and the positioning performance. Mainly, we are concerned about the relationship between the thin Es layer and the ionosphere scintillation and the reason behind 2 / 31 the degraded positioning performance during the event of the polar cap Es. The results show that the polar cap Es can trigger weak-to-moderate amplitude scintillation and the maximum positioning errors in the up component for the Ionospheric-Free Precise Point Positioning (IF-PPP) model can reach up to 0.51 m while that for the Uncombined PPP (UC-PPP) model can reach 1.20 m. The maximum positioning errors occur simultaneously with the time of the maximum amplitude scintillation induced by the polar cap Es. The degraded positioning performance can be attributed mostly to falsely detected Cycle Slips (CSs), which are influenced by the polar cap Es induced scintillation. To mitigate this, we propose the 3-sigma rule to determine the threshold of the CS detection observables. The preliminary results show that compared with the commonly adopted threshold values, the positioning accuracy improvement in the up component is 14.1% for the IF-PPP model while the corresponding improvement is 40.8% for the UC-PPP model, suggesting that the high accuracy positioning performance can be achieved in the high latitude region by statistic characterization of the CS thresholds.

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A Case Study of Polar Cap Sporadic-E Layer Associated with TEC Variations

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Simultaneous Observations of a Polar Cap Sporadic‐E Layer by Twin Incoherent Scatter Radars at Resolute

Simultaneous Observations of a Polar Cap Sporadic‐E Layer by Twin Incoherent Scatter Radars at Resolute

Altitudinal and Latitudinal Variations in Ionospheric Sporadic‐E Layer Obtained From FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC Radio Occultation

Effect of the polar cap ionospheric sporadic-E layer on GNSS-based positioning: a case study at Resolute Bay, Canada, September 5, 2012

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