A case study of surface ozone source apportionment during a high concentration episode, under frequent shifting wind conditions over the Yangtze River Delta, China

Gao, Jian; Zhu, Bin; Xiao, Hui; Kang, Hanqing; Hou, Xiyong; Shao, Ping

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.039

Cited by 107 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The CBM-Z scheme and the outdated land-use data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) were prone to undervalue the surface O 3 concentrations in association with producing high NO titration and dry deposition, respectively (Balzarini et al, 2015;Park et al, 2014). Similar underestimations were previously simulated in eastern China (Gao et al, 2015;Liao et al, 2015;. The mean NMB and NME of O 3 in MOD1, calculated at −53.97 and 67.00 %, respectively (Table S1 in the Supplement), were comparable to previous China studies (Li et al, 2012;Tang et al, 2015;Zhou et al, 2017), while the mean NMB and NME of O 3 in MOD2 were ameliorated to −45.83 and 63.61 %, respectively.…”

Section: Chemical Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 63%

Updated emission inventories of power plants in simulating air quality during haze periods over East China

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Air pollutant emissions play a determinant role in deteriorating air quality. However, an uncertainty in emission inventories is still the key problem for modeling air pollution. In this study, an updated emission inventory of coalfired power plants (UEIPP) based on online monitoring data in Jiangsu Province of East China for the year of 2012 was implemented in the widely used Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC). By employing the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), two simulation experiments were executed to assess the atmospheric environment change by using the original MEIC emission inventory and the MEIC inventory with the UEIPP. A synthetic analysis shows that power plant emissions of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , and NO x were lower, and CO, black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC) and NMVOCs (non-methane volatile organic compounds) were higher in UEIPP relative to those in MEIC, reflecting a large discrepancy in the power plant emissions over East China. In accordance with the changes in UEIPP, the modeled concentrations were reduced for SO 2 and NO 2 , and increased for most areas of primary OC, BC, and CO. Interestingly, when the UEIPP was used, the atmospheric oxidizing capacity significantly reinforced. This was reflected by increased oxidizing agents, e.g., O 3 and OH, thus directly strengthening the chemical production from SO 2 and NO x to sulfate and nitrate, respectively, which offset the reduction of primary PM 2.5 emissions especially on haze days. This study indicates the importance of updating air pollutant emission inventories in simulating the complex atmospheric environment changes with implications on air quality and environmental changes.

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Section: Chemical Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 63%

Updated emission inventories of power plants in simulating air quality during haze periods over East China

et al. 2018

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“…A 2010 report from HTAP (HTAP, 2010) shows that the observed baseline O 3 concentrations (concentrations without the contribution from local anthropogenic emissions) have increased throughout the last several decades since overall global anthropogenic emissions of O 3 precursors have increased. However, a more recent study by Gaudel et al (2018) has established that the global surface O 3 trends exhibit high variability and depend on several factors such as season, region, elevation, and proximity to fresh ozone precursor emissions. However, since the network capable of monitoring ozone levels is sparse, it is difficult to quantify the O 3 changes on a global scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source attribution of European surface O<sub>3</sub> using a tagged O<sub>3</sub> mechanism

Lupaşcu

Butler

2019

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) is an important air pollutant that affects human health, ecosystems, and climate. The contributions of O 3 precursor emissions from different geographical source regions to the O 3 concentration can help to quantify the effects of local versus remotely transported precursors on the O 3 concentration in a certain area. This study presents a "tagging" approach within the WRF-Chem model that attributes O 3 concentration in several European receptor regions to nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions from within and outside of Europe during April-September 2010. We also examine the contribution of these different precursor sources to various O 3 metrics and their exceedance events. Firstly, we show that the spatial distributions of simulated monthly mean MDA8 from tagged O 3 source regions and types for late spring, summer, and early autumn 2010 varies with season. For summer conditions, O 3 production is dominated by national and intra-European sources, while in the late spring and early autumn intercontinental transported O 3 is an important contributor to the total O 3 concentration. We have also identified shipping activities in the Mediterranean Sea as an important source of O 3 for the Mediterranean countries, as well as the main contributor to high modelled MDA8 O 3 concentration in the Mediterranean Basin itself. Secondly, to have a better understanding of the origin of MDA8 O 3 exceedances, we compare modelled and observed values of MDA8 O 3 concentration in the Po Valley and Germany-Benelux receptor regions, revealing that the contribution from local sources is about 41 % and 38 % of modelled MDA8 O 3 during the exceedance days, respectively. By examining the relative contributions of remote NO x sources to modelled and observed O 3 exceedance events, we determine that model underrepresentation of long-range O 3 trans-port could be contributing to a general underestimation of modelled O 3 exceedance events in the Germany-Benelux receptor region. Thirdly, we quantify the impact of local vs. non-local NO x precursors on O 3 production for each European receptor region using different O 3 metrics. The comparison between mean, MDA8 and 95th percentile O 3 metrics accentuates the importance of large contributions from locally emitted NO x precursors to the high end of the O 3 distribution. When we compare the vegetation and health metrics, we notice that the SOMO35 and AOT40 indexes exhibit rather similar behaviour, while the W126 index accentuates the importance of local emissions. Overall, this study highlights the importance of a tagging approach to quantify the contribution of local and remote sources to the MDA8 O 3 concentration during several periods as well to different O 3 metrics. Moreover, this method could be applied to assess different mitigation options.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

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“…Average global ozone (O 3 ) concentration has approximately doubled during the 20th century and is expected to increase further (Fowler et al, 2008;Hartmann et al, 2013;Logan et al, 2012;Oltmans et al, 2013;Vingarzan, 2004). Currently, the ambient O 3 concentration in the northern hemisphere is around 20-45 nmol mol −1 , and it occasionally reaches 120 nmol mol −1 or more (Fowler et al, 2008;Gao et al, 2016;Lai, Talbot, & Mao, 2012;Yuan et al, 2015). Numerous studies have revealed that elevated O 3 negatively impacts plant growth and development and decreases forest productivity and crop yields as well as plant biodiversity (Ainsworth, Yendrek, Sitch, Collins, & Emberson, 2012;Fares et al, 2013;Leisner & Ainsworth, 2012;Wilkinson, Mills, Illidge, & Davies, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glandular trichomes as a barrier against atmospheric oxidative stress: Relationships with ozone uptake, leaf damage, and emission of LOX products across a diverse set of species

Tosens

Harley

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

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There is a spectacular variability in trichome types and densities and trichome metabolites across species, but the functional implications of this variability in protecting from atmospheric oxidative stresses remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective role of glandular and non-glandular trichomes against ozone stress. We investigated the interspecific variation in types and density of trichomes and how these traits were associated with elevated ozone impacts on visible leaf damage, net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence, and emissions of lipoxygenase pathway products in 24 species with widely varying trichome characteristics and taxonomy. Both peltate and capitate glandular trichomes played a critical role in reducing leaf ozone uptake, but no impact of non-glandular trichomes was observed. Across species, the visible ozone damage varied 10.1-fold, reduction in net assimilation rate 3.3-fold, and release of lipoxygenase compounds 14.4-fold, and species with lower glandular trichome density were more sensitive to ozone stress and more vulnerable to ozone damage compared to species with high glandular trichome density. These results demonstrate that leaf surface glandular trichomes constitute a major factor in reducing ozone toxicity and function as a chemical barrier that neutralizes the ozone before it enters the leaf.

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A case study of surface ozone source apportionment during a high concentration episode, under frequent shifting wind conditions over the Yangtze River Delta, China

Cited by 107 publications

References 41 publications

Updated emission inventories of power plants in simulating air quality during haze periods over East China

Updated emission inventories of power plants in simulating air quality during haze periods over East China

Source attribution of European surface O<sub>3</sub> using a tagged O<sub>3</sub> mechanism

Glandular trichomes as a barrier against atmospheric oxidative stress: Relationships with ozone uptake, leaf damage, and emission of LOX products across a diverse set of species

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A case study of surface ozone source apportionment during a high concentration episode, under frequent shifting wind conditions over the Yangtze River Delta, China

Cited by 107 publications

References 41 publications

Updated emission inventories of power plants in simulating air quality during haze periods over East China

Updated emission inventories of power plants in simulating air quality during haze periods over East China

Source attribution of European surface O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; using a tagged O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; mechanism

Glandular trichomes as a barrier against atmospheric oxidative stress: Relationships with ozone uptake, leaf damage, and emission of LOX products across a diverse set of species

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Source attribution of European surface O<sub>3</sub> using a tagged O<sub>3</sub> mechanism