A catchment water balance model for estimating groundwater recharge in arid and semiarid regions of south-east Iran

Khazaei, Esmaeil; Spink, A.E.F.; Warner, James W.

doi:10.1007/s10040-003-0266-4

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…On a catchment scale level, water balance analysis is a simple method that has widely been used and applied to different study areas (Khazaei et al 2003;Lee et al 2006;Yeh et al 2007;Baalousha 2007;Baalousha 2009a). In water balance models, recharge is calculated using all components of inflow and outflow into and out of a catchment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Monte Carlo simulation to estimate natural groundwater recharge in Qatar

Baalousha

2016

Model. Earth Syst. Environ.

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Rainfall is the only source of groundwater recharge in arid countries, where no surface water exists. Quantification of the total volume of rainfall recharge is essential for water resources management, development and protection, but it is challenging. Numerous recharge estimation methods can be found in the literature, but the selection of the most appropriate one depends on the hydrogeological setting of the area of study and on the available data. Qatar is an arid country as rainfall is very little and surface water is non-existent. Aquifer is the only conventional source of water, which has been over-exploited in the last few decades. One of the main country's grand challenges is to implement an aquifer storage and recovery scheme, which requires understanding of the flow regime and quantification of the natural rainfall recharge. This study uses a water balance model coupled with Monte Carlo Simulation to quantify rainfall recharge. Using a historical groundwater piezometric map, the flow to the sea was calculated by applying Monte Carlo Simulation to the Darcy's Law. The natural recharge was calculated considering all water budget components. Results reveal the groundwater rainfall recharge amounts to 58.7 million m 3 , which is close to literature values obtained by other means.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Monte Carlo simulation to estimate natural groundwater recharge in Qatar

Baalousha

2016

Model. Earth Syst. Environ.

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“…Several very dry years in sequence are often observed in the Mediterranean region (Cudennec et al, 2007), and their frequency could increase due to climate change (Ceballos-Barbancho et al, 2008). In these regions, mountains may obviously play an important role in the regional water balance (Pitlick 1994;Flerchinger & Cooley, 2000;Khazaei et al, 2003;Viviroli et al, 2003), but the contribution of snow and rain to the annual and multi-annual water balance is still largely unknown. This is the case in the centre of Morocco, where the High Atlas mountain range represents the most important water resource for the neighbouring arid plains through liquid but also solid precipitation (Matthews, 1989, Chaponniere et al, 2005Boudhar et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Snowmelt Runoff Model in the Moroccan High Atlas Mountains using two snow-cover estimates

Boudhar

Hanich

Boulet

et al. 2009

Hydrological Sciences Journal

111

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In the centre of Morocco, the High Atlas mountain range represents the most important water storage for the neighbouring arid plains through liquid and solid precipitation. In this context, we evaluated the performance of the Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM) on the five main tributary watersheds of the High Atlas range. Due to the very low density of climate stations in the High Atlas, snowfall and snowmelt processes are difficult to monitor using meteorological data alone. In order to compensate for the lack of in situ data, snow maps are also derived from remotely-sensed data. We compared the streamflow forecasting performance when the model is driven by one or the other estimate of snow-covered area. Both estimates are generally comparable in all watersheds, and satisfactory streamflow simulations were obtained at seasonal time scales using both snow-cover products. However, significant differences can be observed for selected storms, with more accurate streamflow predictions being obtained when the remotely-sensed data are used. Evaluation du Modèle Snowmelt Runoff dans le Haut Atlas Marocain en utilisant deux estimations des surfaces enneigéesRésumé Au centre du Maroc, la chaîne montagneuse du Haut Atlas constitue un véritable château d'eau pour les plaines arides avoisinantes, et ce grâce aux précipitations liquides et solides. Dans ce contexte, nous avons évalué les performances du modèle Snowmelt Runoff (SRM) dans les cinq principaux sous-bassins versants du Haut Atlas. En raison de la très faible densité des stations climatiques dans le Haut Atlas, les processus de chute et de fonte des neiges sont difficiles à contrôler avec des données météorologiques seules. Afin de compenser l'absence de données in situ, des cartes d'enneigement sont également dérivées de données issues de la télédétection. Nous avons comparé les performances de SRM pour la prévision de l'écoulement en cours d'eau à partir des deux types de carte. Les surfaces enneigées déduites par ces deux méthodes sont généralement comparables dans tous les sous-bassins versants, et des simulations d'écoulement satisfaisantes ont été obtenues à l'échelle saisonnière à partir des deux estimations de surface de neige. En revanche, des différences significatives peuvent être observées pour certains événements avec des prévisions d'écoulement plus précises lorsque les données issues de la télédétection sont utilisées.

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“…Overland flow eventually enters drainage networks, where significant quantities of water infiltrate vertically and laterally into alluvial sediments (Parsons et al 1999, Vivoni et al 2006 and becomes available to plants in adjacent riparian habitats (Ludwig 1987). Water lost vertically in channel sediments also moves downslope along subsurface flow paths and contributes to the recharge of alluvial aquifers, which can support intermittent and perennial flow in downstream ecosystems (Khazaei et al 2003). Given the importance of water as a resource in arid environments, drainage systems can act as an important physical template that determines the distribution of vegetation at basin scales (Caylor et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Drainage Networks on Patterns of Soil Respiration in a Desert Catchment

Sponseller¹,

Fisher

2008

Ecology

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Hydrologic flow and connectivity act as important determinants of ecological pattern and process in heterogeneous landscapes. Here we examine how the routing of water through the drainage network of an upper Sonoran Desert basin influences landscape patterns of soil respiration (SR) at both seasonal and event-based timescales. At seasonal timescales, SR varied up to 13-fold with downstream position in the drainage network, and annual estimates of CO2 efflux ranged from 185 g C x m(-2) x yr(-1) to 1190 g C x m(-2) x yr(-1) for sites arrayed along the same flow path. Spatial patterns of SR were unrelated to the carbon and water content of surface soils, but rather tracked changes in plant size and productivity, which in turn reflect downstream increases in groundwater availability. The relative importance of precipitation and temperature as drivers of SR also changed with landscape position, with the latter becoming more important in downstream locations. At the scale of individual precipitation events, SR increased up to 30-fold upon rewetting but typically returned to background levels within 24 h, even when soil moisture remained elevated. Unlike patterns observed at seasonal scales, event-based losses of CO2 varied across the landscape as a function of the organic-matter content in surface soils. Results from labile carbon amendments confirm that CO2 losses following precipitation pulses are initially constrained by substrate availability, not soil drying. By mediating spatial patterns of vegetation structure and soil resource availability, drainage networks represent an important physical template upon which belowground processes are organized in desert basins.

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A catchment water balance model for estimating groundwater recharge in arid and semiarid regions of south-east Iran

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

Using Monte Carlo simulation to estimate natural groundwater recharge in Qatar

Using Monte Carlo simulation to estimate natural groundwater recharge in Qatar

Evaluation of the Snowmelt Runoff Model in the Moroccan High Atlas Mountains using two snow-cover estimates

The Influence of Drainage Networks on Patterns of Soil Respiration in a Desert Catchment

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