A CH<sub>4</sub>emission estimate for the Kuparuk River basin, Alaska

Reeburgh, William S.; King, Jennifer Y.; Regli, Shannon K.; Kling, George W.; Auerbach, Nancy A.; Walker, Donald A.

doi:10.1029/98jd00993

Cited by 65 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Methane emissions from permafrost dominated tundra regions are well documented [5][6][7] and also recognized as considerable contributors to the dynamics of high-latitude atmospheric methane concentrations 8,9 . The scale and dynamics of growing-season methane emissions from tundra settings have been documented mostly through flux measurements made with low time resolution using manual chambers 5,6,10 together with some at higher time resolution taken only during the growing season 7,11,12 .…”

Section: Lettersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scale and dynamics of growing-season methane emissions from tundra settings have been documented mostly through flux measurements made with low time resolution using manual chambers 5,6,10 together with some at higher time resolution taken only during the growing season 7,11,12 . Here we report a data set that extends hourly CH 4 flux measurements from a high Arctic setting into the frozen season.…”

Section: Lettersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large tundra methane burst during onset of freezing

Mastepanov

Sigsgaard

Dlugokencky

et al. 2008

Nature

305

279

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Section: Lettersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lettersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large tundra methane burst during onset of freezing

Mastepanov

Sigsgaard

Dlugokencky

et al. 2008

Nature

305

279

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“…Emission of CH 4 through diffusion from aquatic systems can, however, also be high, particularly in wetlands, lakes, and other standing open water (Alaska, Reeburgh et al, 1998; sub-Arctic Sweden, Lundin et al, 2013). Due to large heterogeneity in the spatial and temporal dynamics of ebullition, this mode of CH 4 emission is less commonly studied than diffusion Wik et al, 2015), although ebullition has been found to be the dominant form of CH 4 emission in many thermokarst lakes (Bartlett et al, 1992, Walter et al, 2006Sepulveda-Jauregui et al, 2015; see also discussion on the eastern Canadian Arctic, above).…”

Section: Scale and Distribution Of Ghg Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews and syntheses: Effects of permafrost thaw on Arctic aquatic ecosystems

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The Arctic is a water-rich region, with freshwater systems covering about 16 % of the northern permafrost landscape. Permafrost thaw creates new freshwater ecosystems, while at the same time modifying the existing lakes, streams, and rivers that are impacted by thaw. Here, we describe the current state of knowledge regarding how permafrost thaw affects lentic (still) and lotic (moving) systems, exploring the effects of both thermokarst (thawing and collapse of ice-rich permafrost) and deepening of the active layer (the surface soil layer that thaws and refreezes each year). Within thermokarst, we further differentiate between the effects of thermokarst in lowland areas vs. that on hillslopes. For almost all of the processes that we explore, the effects of thaw vary regionally, and between lake and stream systems. Much of this regional variation is caused by differences in ground ice content, topography, soil type, and permafrost coverage. Together, these modifying factors determine (i) the degree to which permafrost thaw manifests as thermokarst, (ii) whether thermokarst leads to slumping or the formation of thermokarst lakes, and (iii) the manner in which constituent delivery to freshwater systems is altered by thaw. Differences in thaw-enabled constituent delivery can Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. J. E. Vonk et al.: Effects of permafrost thaw on Arctic aquatic ecosystemsbe considerable, with these modifying factors determining, for example, the balance between delivery of particulate vs. dissolved constituents, and inorganic vs. organic materials. Changes in the composition of thaw-impacted waters, coupled with changes in lake morphology, can strongly affect the physical and optical properties of thermokarst lakes. The ecology of thaw-impacted lakes and streams is also likely to change; these systems have unique microbiological communities, and show differences in respiration, primary production, and food web structure that are largely driven by differences in sediment, dissolved organic matter, and nutrient delivery. The degree to which thaw enables the delivery of dissolved vs. particulate organic matter, coupled with the composition of that organic matter and the morphology and stratification characteristics of recipient systems will play an important role in determining the balance between the release of organic matter as greenhouse gases (CO 2 and CH 4 ), its burial in sediments, and its loss downstream. The magnitude of thaw impacts on northern aquatic ecosystems is increasing, as is the prevalence of thaw-impacted lakes and streams. There is therefore an urgent need to quantify how permafrost thaw is affecting aquatic ecosystems across diverse Arctic landscapes, and the implications of this change for further climate warming.

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“…In the boreal ecosystematmosphere study northern study area, an average summer consumption of 0.4 mg CH 4 m −2 day −1 was estimated from upland soils (Savage et al 1997). In the Kuparuk River basin in Alaska, an overall annual CH 4 flux of 0.8 gm −2 year −1 was estimated based on measurement during the frost-free season and spatial extrapolations of tundra, wetlands, and open water system (Reeburgh et al 1998). In our study, mean methane emission from Zoige plateau, 2.25 mg CH 4 m −2 h −1 , fell into the range of methane emission rate reported by a number of studies in other alpine wetlands (Wickland et al 1999(Wickland et al , 2001; Jin et al 1999; Hirota et al 2004;Yao et al 2002;West et al 1999;Hu et al 2005).…”

Section: Comparison With Other Researchesmentioning

confidence: 99%