“…In recent years, however, community‐level care has been trending up, combining an ecological perspective, an interdisciplinary and collaborative approach, and the assumption of responsibility for health indicators among diverse population groups (Barbiani, Carlise Rigon Dalla, & Schaefer, ; Levin et al., ). The basic information that a nurse needs beyond her training today includes multidisciplinary knowledge, leadership and management competencies, and awareness of system ecology and changes (Kemppainen, Tossavainen, & Turunen, ; Kulbok, Thatcher, Park, & Meszaros, ; Peate, ; Spilsbury & Pender, ). In Israel, current activities of Tipat Halav nurses vary widely in accordance with population characteristics and locality types (urban vs. rural) in areas such as prenatal monitoring.…”