A Changing Understanding of the Role of Greenspace in High-density Housing: A European Perspective

Beer, Anne R.; Delshammar, Tim; Schildwacht, Peter

doi:10.2148/benv.29.2.132.54468

Cited by 52 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, to 'densify' through the development of existing urban green space may lead to the loss of green space within the cities. This loss of quality green space, as an important reason why people move out of inner cities to the suburb may ultimately cause urban sprawl (see Beer et al, 2003). Either way, whether cities expand through sprawl or densification, quality green space is vital for the sustainable development of cities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal trend of green space coverage in China and its relationship with urbanization over the last two decades

Zhao

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

192

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► The green space coverage in Chinese cities increased steadily from 1991 to 2009. ► Cities in the same region exhibited long-term similar trends of development. ► Population, land area and GDP significantly affected green space coverage. ► Per capita GDP had the highest independent contribution to green space coverage. ► A linear model to predict variance in green space was constructed. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Irrespective of which side is taken in the densification-sprawl debate, insights into the relationship between urban green space coverage and urbanization have been recognized as essential for guiding sustainable urban development. However, knowledge of the relationships between socio-economic variables of urbanization and long-term green space change is still limited. In this paper, using simple regression, hierarchical partitioning and multi-regression, the temporal trend in green space coverage and its relationship with urbanization were investigated using data from 286 cities between 1989 and 2009, covering all provinces in mainland China with the exception of Tibet. We found that: [1] average green space coverage of cities investigated increased steadily from 17.0% in 1989 to 37.3% in 2009; [2] cities with higher recent green space coverage also had relatively higher green space coverage historically; [3] cities in the same region exhibited similar long-term trends in green space coverage; [4] eight of the nine variables characterizing urbanization showed a significant positive linear relationship with green space coverage, with 'per capita GDP' having the highest independent contribution (24.2%);[5] among the climatic and geographic factors investigated, only mean elevation showed a significant effect; and [6] using the seven largest contributing individual factors, a linear model to predict variance in green space coverage was constructed. Here, we demonstrated that green space coverage in built-up areas tended to reflect the effects of urbanization rather than those of climatic or geographic factors. Quantification of the urbanization effects and the characteristics of green space development in China may provide a valuable reference for research into the processes of urban sprawl and its relationship with green space change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal trend of green space coverage in China and its relationship with urbanization over the last two decades

Zhao

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

192

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“…Furthermore, when more residents populate an urban area, land prices inevitably rises, and the amount of space available for greenery shrinks [41]. In fact, having UGS nearby typically extends the living space and offers a connection with nature; it can also be strategically important because it provides a cooling effect and further maintains a high quality of life [11,17,19,37,42]. In addition, UGS not only has directly impacts on physical activity but also on raising the surrounding land value for the improvement of living environment [16,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the unique benefits that these qualities confer, UGS allocation is now considered a significant contributing factor to urban livability for both residents [13][14][15] and governments [16]. Having UGS nearby provides a convenient leisure space and an extended living space for residents dwelling in skyscrapers surrounded by artificial environments and limited natural space [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision Making on Allocating Urban Green Spaces Based upon Spatially-Varying Relationships between Urban Green Spaces and Urban Compaction Degree

Chang

Chen

2015

Sustainability

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Abstract:The compact city is becoming a prevailing paradigm in the world to control urban sprawl and achieve a pattern of sustainable urban development. However, discussions of the area's overcrowded neighborhoods, its health problems, and the destruction of its green areas have inspired self-examination with respect to the compact city paradigm. High population density attracts even more residents and frequently renders the existing urban green space (UGS) insufficient for use as part of a living environment. Due to the unique benefits that these qualities confer, UGS allocation is now considered a significant contributing factor to urban livability. In addition, the UGS allocation may be different due to the presence of many spatial non-stationarity processes. Therefore, this study employs geographically-weighted regression (GWR) to explore the unique and spatially-explicit relationships between the degree of urban compaction and UGS within the Taipei metropolitan area. Maps summarizing the GWR results demonstrate that there is significantly insufficient UGS allocation in the central area, which consists mainly of Taipei City. Townships with higher parameters contain UGS levels that better meet the needs of their residents. Overall, the exploration of conceptualizing spatial heterogeneity of relationships between the degree of urban compaction and UGS can provide insightful analyses for decision-making on allocating UGS. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 13400

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“…Greening, or bringing "nature into the city," makes positive contributions to many aspects of the urban environment, including: biodiversity; the lived-in urban environment; urban climate; economic attractiveness; community pride; and health and education [53][54][55][56][57][58].…”

Section: Eco-formmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment Framework for Cities Coping with Climate Change: The Case of New York City and its PlaNYC 2030

Jabareen

2014

Sustainability

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Climate change and its resulting uncertainties challenge the concepts, procedures, and scope of conventional approaches to planning, creating a need to rethink and revise current planning methods. This paper proposes a new conceptual framework for assessing city plans based on the idea of sustainability and planning countering climate change. It applies this framework to assess the recent master plan for the city of New York City: PlaNYC 2030. The framework consists of eight concepts that were identified through conceptual analyses of the planning and interdisciplinary literature on sustainability and climate change. Using the proposed conceptual framework to evaluate PlaNYC 2030 reveals some of the merits of the Plan. PlaNYC promotes greater compactness and density, enhanced mixed land use, sustainable transportation, greening, and renewal and utilization of underused land. With regard to the concept of uncertainty, it addresses future uncertainties related to climate change with institutional measures only. From the perspective of ecological economics, the Plan creates a number of mechanisms to promote its climate change goals and to create a cleaner environment for economic investment. It offers an ambitious vision of reducing emissions by 30% and creating a "greener, greater New York," and links this vision with the international agenda for climate change. On the other hand, the assessment reveals that PlaNYC did not make a radical shift toward planning for climate change and adaptation. It inadequately addresses social planning issues that are crucial to New York City. NYC is "socially differentiated" in terms of the capacity of communities to meet climate change uncertainties, and the Plan fails to address the issues facing vulnerable communities due to climate change. The Plan calls for an integrative approach to climate change on the institutional level, but it fails to effectively integrate civil society, communities, and grassroots organizations into the process. The lack of a systematic procedure for public participation throughout the city's neighborhoods and among different social groupings and other stakeholders is a critical shortcoming, particularly during the OPEN ACCESS Sustainability 2014, 6 5899 current age of climate change uncertainty. Practically, the proposed conceptual framework of evaluate appears to be an effective and constructive means of illuminating the Plan's strengths and weaknesses, and appears to be an easy-to-grasp evaluation method, and should be easily understood and applied by scholars, practitioners and policy makers.

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A Changing Understanding of the Role of Greenspace in High-density Housing: A European Perspective

Cited by 52 publications

References 9 publications

Temporal trend of green space coverage in China and its relationship with urbanization over the last two decades

Temporal trend of green space coverage in China and its relationship with urbanization over the last two decades

Decision Making on Allocating Urban Green Spaces Based upon Spatially-Varying Relationships between Urban Green Spaces and Urban Compaction Degree

An Assessment Framework for Cities Coping with Climate Change: The Case of New York City and its PlaNYC 2030

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