A Chemical Mass Balance for Volatile Organics in Chicago

O’Shea, William J.; Scheff, Peter A.

doi:10.1080/08940630.1988.10466443

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The NMOC source profiles (i.e., the concentrations of the individual NMOCs in the source emissions) are essential input data to the CMB model. Profiles for NMOC sources have been developed for urban areas of the United States, 8,[11][12][13] Canada, 10 Japan, 4 and Australia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Profiles for Nonmethane Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere of Cairo, Egypt

Doskey

Fukui

Sultan

et al. 1999

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Profiles of the sources of nonmethane organic compounds (NMOCs) were developed for emissions from vehicles, petroleum fuels (gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], and natural gas), a petroleum refinery, a smelter, and a cast iron factory in Cairo, Egypt. More than 100 hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons were tentatively identified and quantified. Gasoline-vapor and whole-gasoline profiles could be distinguished from the other profiles by high concentrations of the C 5 and C 6 saturated hydrocarbons. The vehicle emission profile was similar to the whole-gasoline profile, with the exception of the unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, which were present at higher concentrations in the vehicle emission profile. High levels of the C 2 -C 4 saturated hydrocarbons, particularly n-butane, were characteristic features of the petroleum refinery emissions. The smelter and cast iron factory emissions were similar to the refinery emissions; however, the levels of benzene and toluene were greater in the former two sources. The LPG and natural gas emissions contained high

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Profiles for Nonmethane Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere of Cairo, Egypt

Doskey

Fukui

Sultan

et al. 1999

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Related studies demonstrated that most VOCs in urban air came from motor vehicles (Wadden et al 1986), among which automobiles were believed to have the highest discharges of around 33.0% (Doskoy et al 1992). A VOCs study in Chicago (USA) found that 60.8% of total discharges came from automobiles while 11.1% came directly from gasoline volatilization (O'shea and Scheff 1988), and a similar study conducted in Tokyo (Japan), found that 70% of discharges came from vehicle exhausts and 10.5% came from the direct gasoline volatilization (Wadden et al 1986). Therefore, the observation that San-min had higher concentrations of the monitored species than the other sites could be primarily attributed to transportation pollutant sources.…”

Section: Batch Average Concentration Of the Major Volatile Organic Hapsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Characteristics of major volatile organic hazardous air pollutants in the urban air of Kaohsiung city

Huang

Lin

2007

Environ Geochem Health

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The concentrations and characteristics of volatile organic hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) in the urban city of Kaohsiung from motor vehicles and dense pollutant sources has become a national concern. To continuously monitor volatile organic HAPs, sampling sites were selected near the four air-quality monitoring stations established by Ethe nvironmental Protection Administration of Taiwan ROC, namely Nan-tz, Tso-ying, San-min and Hsiao-kang, from north to south. An on-site automated online monitor of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was used for continuous monitoring. This study performed two consecutive days of 24-h monitoring of five volatile organic HAPs form August to October 2005 at the four monitoring sites, which cover the northern, central, and southern areas of Kaohsiung city. The average monitored concentration was 2.78-4.84 ppb for benzene, 5.90-9.66 ppb for toluene, 3.62-5.90 ppb for ethylbenzene, 3.73-5.34 ppb for m,p-xylene, 3.38-4.22 ppb for o-xylene, and 4.48-7.00 ppb for styrene. The average monitored concentrations of the major volatile organic HAPs tended to follow the pattern San-min > Nan-tz > Hsiao-kang > Tso-ying. Among all the species monitored in this study, toluene had the highest ambient concentration, followed by styrene, m,p-xylene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and benzene. The results showed that the concentration at night was higher than that in the day for toluene at Nan-tz, San-min, Hsiao-kang, and for benzene at Nan-tz and Hsiao-kang.

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“…The chemical mass balance (CMB) source reconciliation model has been used by a n_mber of researchers to apportion nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in urban air into their sources (Wadden et al, 1986;Scheff and Klevs, 1987;O'Shea and Scheff, 1988;Aronian et al, 1989). Source fingerprints for several NMHC sources that are composed of 18 NMHCs and 5 chlorinated hydrocarbons have been developed for CMB modeling applications (Scheff et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of chemical reactivity on source reconciliation modeling of nonmethane hydrocarbons

Doskey¹,

Gaffney²

1994

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This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States _ "_C _'/V_,, D Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof,,nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsi-AP_ bility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or I 8 19_# process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, O _ T manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recom-/ mendation, or f_voring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the / United S*.atesGovernment or any agency thereof. MASTER DPJ_g_UTION OFTHISDOCUMENT ISUNLIMITF, p *Work supported by the Illinois Department of Energy and Natural Resources through an agreement with the U°S. Department of Energy under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. he submitted manuscript has been authored'l y a contracto¢ of the U.S. Government nder contract No. W.

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A Chemical Mass Balance for Volatile Organics in Chicago

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Source Profiles for Nonmethane Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere of Cairo, Egypt

Source Profiles for Nonmethane Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere of Cairo, Egypt

Characteristics of major volatile organic hazardous air pollutants in the urban air of Kaohsiung city

The effect of chemical reactivity on source reconciliation modeling of nonmethane hydrocarbons

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