A Chemical Measure of the Effect of Soaps and Detergents on the Skin1

Scott, Edward M.; Lyon, John B.

doi:10.1038/jid.1953.90

Cited by 44 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Soaps and most surfactants cause irritant skin reactions. For this reason, the effects of surfactants on the skin have been extensively studied under in vitro and in vivo conditions . It was shown that skin cleansers induced biochemical changes in the skin when applied topically .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of four soaps on skin trans‐epidermal water loss and erythema index

Khosrowpour

Nasrollahi

Ayatollahi

et al. 2018

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of four soaps on skin trans‐epidermal water loss and erythema index

Khosrowpour

Nasrollahi

Ayatollahi

et al. 2018

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For this reason, the effects of surfactants on the skin have been extensively studied under in vitro and in vivo conditions (14)(15)(16)(17)(18). As a result of that work it was shown that surfactants induced biochemical changes in the skin when applied topically.…”

Section: Effects Of Surfactants On the Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactants and experimental irritant contact dermatitis

1995

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Surface-active agents (surfactants) are characterized by the possession of 2 different moieties, both polar and non-polar regions on the same molecule. Surfactants are broadly classified as anionic, cationic, amphoteric, or non-ionic, according to the nature of the hydrophile yielded in aqueous solution. In currently marketed household, personal, and industrial cleaners, anionic surfactants are the most common class because of their relative ability to solubilize fats and oils, lower the surface tension of aqueous solutions, or form microemulsions. Many surfactants elicit irritant reactions when applied to the skin, partially due to their relative ability to solubilize lipid membranes. Hence, surfactants have become important implements in skin irritation investigations. In general, the physicochemical properties of surfactants are a crucial factor in eliciting skin irritation. Anionic surfactants are broadly accepted as potent irritants to human and animal skin. Cationic surfactants are reputedly at least equally irritating, but more cytotoxic than anionic, while the irritation potential of non-ionic surfactants is considered the lowest. Such classification of innumerable surfactants is convenient and held in high practical esteem. However, the categorization does not permit the exact determination of irritation and cytotoxicity potential of each surfactant. Ranking of surfactant skin irritancy and cytotoxicity obtained by both in vitro and in vivo assays provides a helpful orientation for future work.Key words: anionic, cationic, amphoteric, non-ionic surfactants; skin irritation; in vivo skin irritation test; in vitro cytotoxicity assays; ranking of surfactant skin irritancy. © Munksgaard, 1995.

show abstract

“…Many investigators, such as Blench, Kirk, Blank, and Vann Scott (1)(2)(3)(4) already have reported on the skin roughness, clinically characterized by gross visible changes such as abnormal scaling of the horny layer, that may be caused by the following actions of surfactants: a) removal of lipids from skin surface (1,2); b) washing away of substances such as free amino acids having Water binding capacity in the horny layer (3); c) denaturation of epidermal keratin following adsorption of surfactants (4,5); d) inhibition of the enzyme activity in upper layer of skin (6); or e) a cumulative primary irritation (7). However, it still is not certain which action produces the skin roughness, because experiments have never been carried out quantitatively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on skin roughness caused by surfactants: II. Correlation between protein denaturation and skin roughness

Imokawa

Sumura

Katsumi

1975

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An attempt to determine protein denaturing potency of typical surfactants has been made by measuring specific rotation of bovine serum albumin. The potencies obtained were examined in relation to the intensities of skin roughness in vivo caused by the surfactants, and a noticeable correlation was found between them. This fact also suggested that the cause of skin roughness may be attributed to a certain extent to adsorption of surfactants. In addition, this technique is very useful in predicting the skin roughening potency of a surfactant without using human skin.

show abstract

A Chemical Measure of the Effect of Soaps and Detergents on the Skin1

Cited by 44 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of four soaps on skin trans‐epidermal water loss and erythema index

Effects of four soaps on skin trans‐epidermal water loss and erythema index

Surfactants and experimental irritant contact dermatitis

Study on skin roughness caused by surfactants: II. Correlation between protein denaturation and skin roughness

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About