A chemically defined medium for slime production by coagulase-negative staphylococci

Hussain, Md. Saddam; Hastings, James; White, Peter J

doi:10.1099/00222615-34-3-143

Cited by 137 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…PS/A was prepared from 16-liter cultures of a CDM based upon RPMI 1640 AUTO-MOD, a preparation of RPMI modified to allow sterilization by autoclaving (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.). The CDM was supplemented with additional amino acids, vitamins, and nucleotides to adjust their concentration to those found in other CDM (11). The medium was also supplemented with sucrose and glucose to a final concentration of 1%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunochemical Properties of the Staphylococcal Poly- N -Acetylglucosamine Surface Polysaccharide

et al. 2002

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunochemical Properties of the Staphylococcal Poly- N -Acetylglucosamine Surface Polysaccharide

et al. 2002

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“…E. coli was grown in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium at 37°C. S. aureus was grown at 25°C or 37°C with shaking at 250 rpm in brain heart infusion (BHI) (Oxoid), tryptic soy broth (TSB) (Difco), or chemically defined medium (CDM) (32,66). For growth on solid media, 1% wt/vol agar was added.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zones of growth inhibition were measured after 24 h of incubation at 37°C. Starvation survival experiments were performed in amino acid-limiting, glucose-limiting, or phosphate-limiting CDM (32,66); 50-ml cultures were grown for 24 h with shaking at 37°C, then kept static at 25°C. Samples were serially diluted and viability was assessed by growth on BHI agar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of a Cysteine Synthase in Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2004

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The gram-positive human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is often isolated with media containing potassium tellurite, to which it has a higher level of resistance than Escherichia coli. The S. aureus cysM gene was isolated in a screen for genes that would increase the level of tellurite resistance of E. coli DH5␣. The protein encoded by S. aureus cysM is sequentially and functionally homologous to the O-acetylserine (thiol)-lyase B family of cysteine synthase proteins. An S. aureus cysM knockout mutant grows poorly in cysteine-limiting conditions, and analysis of the thiol content in cell extracts showed that the cysM mutant produced significantly less cysteine than wild-type S. aureus SH1000. S. aureus SH1000 cannot use sulfate, sulfite, or sulfonates as the source of sulfur in cysteine biosynthesis, which is explained by the absence of genes required for the uptake and reduction of these compounds in the S. aureus genome. S. aureus SH1000, however, can utilize thiosulfate, sulfide, or glutathione as the sole source of sulfur. Mutation of cysM caused increased sensitivity of S. aureus to tellurite, hydrogen peroxide, acid, and diamide and also significantly reduced the ability of S. aureus to recover from starvation in amino acid-or phosphate-limiting conditions, indicating a role for cysteine in the S. aureus stress response and survival mechanisms.

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“…6-Thioguanine ([6-TG] Sigma-Aldrich) and mycophenolic acid ([MPA] AK scientific, Inc.) were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or 0.1 M NaOH, followed by neutralization with HCl. Amino acid requirements for growth were determined by growth with chemically defined medium (HHW, for Hussain, Hasting, and White) medium (18).…”

Section: Bacterial Strains and Chemical Reagents S Aureus Strain Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Golden Pigment Production and Virulence Gene Expression Are Affected by Metabolisms in Staphylococcus aureus

Lan¹,

et al. 2010

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The pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections is multifactorial. Golden pigment is an eponymous feature of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus that shields the microbe from oxidation-based clearance, an innate host immune response to infection. Here, we screened a collection of S. aureus transposon mutants for pigment production variants. A total of 15 previously unidentified genes were discovered. Notably, disrupting metabolic pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle, purine biosynthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation yields mutants with enhanced pigmentation. The dramatic effect on pigment production seems to correlate with altered expression of virulence determinants. Microarray analysis further indicates that purine biosynthesis impacts the expression of ϳ400 genes involved in a broad spectrum of functions including virulence. The purine biosynthesis mutant and oxidative phosphorylation mutant strains exhibit significantly attenuated virulence in a murine abscess model of infection. Inhibition of purine biosynthesis with a known smallmolecule inhibitor results in altered virulence gene expression and virulence attenuation during infection. Taken together, these results suggest an intimate link between metabolic processes and virulence gene expression in S. aureus. This study also establishes the importance of purine biosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation for in vivo survival.Staphylococcus aureus causes a variety of infections in humans, ranging from minor skin and wound infections to lifethreatening diseases (31). The pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections is a multifactorial process that depends on the expression of different virulence factors controlled by multiple regulatory systems in conjunction with environmental and nutritional signals (46). The high degree of variability in the expression of virulence genes is modulated by a complex network regulated by factors such as the agr locus (RNAIII), SarA, and SigB (5, 9), which allows the bacterium to adapt to changing environmental conditions for survival and developing infection.The species epithet of S. aureus reflects its characteristic surface pigmentation (aureus, meaning "golden" in Latin) (43). The yellowish-orange (golden) pigment produced by S. aureus has been linked to virulence, owing to its antioxidant property (29,30). The golden pigmentation of S. aureus is the product of a C 30 triterpenoid carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, and the carotenoid pigment biosynthesis genes are organized in an operon crtOPQMN controlled by the alternative sigma factor SigB (3, 39). Since many virulence genes are coordinately regulated in S. aureus (5, 9, 31), we hypothesized that genes affecting pigmentation may also influence the production of virulence determinants and have an impact on the pathogenesis of S. aureus.Herein, we present an analysis of S. aureus golden pigment biosynthesis and regulatory pathways at the genomic level by screening the Phoenix (⌽N⌶) library, a collection of defined transposon insertions into 1,812 open reading frame...

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A chemically defined medium for slime production by coagulase-negative staphylococci

Cited by 137 publications

References 11 publications

Immunochemical Properties of the Staphylococcal Poly- N -Acetylglucosamine Surface Polysaccharide

Immunochemical Properties of the Staphylococcal Poly- N -Acetylglucosamine Surface Polysaccharide

Role of a Cysteine Synthase in Staphylococcus aureus

Golden Pigment Production and Virulence Gene Expression Are Affected by Metabolisms in Staphylococcus aureus

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