A Chimeric Arabinogalactan Protein Promotes Somatic Embryogenesis in Cotton Cell Culture

Poon, Simon K.; Heath, R. L.; Clarke, Adrienne E.

doi:10.1104/pp.112.203075

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…As shown in Fig. 2A, characteristic AGP-like smeared bands in a high molecular weight range were observed on respective SDS/PAGE gels stained with either Coomassie brilliant blue or 0.2% (wt/vol) β-GlcY dye (35,36). Consistent with the gel information, the presence of AGPs in the purified ivy nanoparticles was further evidenced by Western blotting analysis using two mAbs, JIM13 and JIM14, which are commonly used to specifically recognize glycan epitopes of typical AGPs (see Table S1), as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…To test whether AGPs are contained in the ivy nanoparticles, Yariv phenylglycoside dye, a reagent also called β-glucosyl Yariv (β-GlcY), which selectively binds to the AGPs via recognizing both given protein moieties and β-1,3-galactan chains with greater than five residues (24,30,(32)(33)(34)(35), was applied for identification. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanospherical arabinogalactan proteins are a key component of the high-strength adhesive secreted by English ivy

Huang

Wang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Over 130 y have passed since Charles Darwin first discovered that the adventitious roots of English ivy (Hedera helix) exude a yellowish mucilage that promotes the capacity of this plant to climb vertical surfaces. Unfortunately, little progress has been made in elucidating the adhesion mechanisms underlying this high-strength adhesive. In the previous studies, spherical nanoparticles were observed in the viscous exudate. Here we show that these nanoparticles are predominantly composed of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), a superfamily of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins present in the extracellular spaces of plant cells. The spheroidal shape of the AGP-rich ivy nanoparticles results in a low viscosity of the ivy adhesive, and thus a favorable wetting behavior on the surface of substrates. Meanwhile, calciumdriven electrostatic interactions among carboxyl groups of the AGPs and the pectic acids give rise to the cross-linking of the exuded adhesive substances, favor subsequent curing (hardening) via formation of an adhesive film, and eventually promote the generation of mechanical interlocking between the adventitious roots of English ivy and the surface of substrates. Inspired by these molecular events, a reconstructed ivy-mimetic adhesive composite was developed by integrating purified AGP-rich ivy nanoparticles with pectic polysaccharides and calcium ions. Information gained from the subsequent tensile tests, in turn, substantiated the proposed adhesion mechanisms underlying the ivy-derived adhesive. Given that AGPs and pectic polysaccharides are also observed in bioadhesives exuded by other climbing plants, the adhesion mechanisms revealed by English ivy may forward the progress toward understanding the general principles underlying diverse botanic adhesives.ivy nanoparticle | ivy adhesive | arabinogalactan protein | adhesion mechanism | reconstructed adhesive A lthough there is a growing interest in exploring mechanisms regulating a variety of adhesive behaviors in the animal kingdom (1-6), the molecular basis allowing creeping plants, such as English ivy (Hedera helix), to generate sufficient adhesive force, aiding in clinging to vertical surfaces, is rarely discussed (Fig. 1A). Previous studies have emphasized mechanical strategies exploited by multiple climbing organs that evolve in plants (7-11). Nevertheless, the role of the glue-like viscous exudates that are observed on the majority of these organs and that cement the plants to the substrates has been less explored (10,12,13). Diverse polysaccharides and glycoproteins, comprising mucilaginous pectins, arabinogalactans, arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), and many others, have been identified to be the predominant components in these adhesive substances (14-17); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the high-strength adhesion remain elusive.By means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), bulk spherical organic nanoparticles have been observed in the exudates derived from the root hairs of English ivy (18-20). These proteinaceous nanoparticles are presum...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanospherical arabinogalactan proteins are a key component of the high-strength adhesive secreted by English ivy

Huang

Wang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Poon et al found that some specific Arabinogalactan proteins were isolated and incorporated into tissue culture medium, cotton somatic embryogenesis can be promoted [26]. This also indicated that exogenous proteins can be transformed into plant cells and play roles directly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Method to Improve the Embryogenesis Rate of Banana Somatic Cell Embryogenesis

Shenghe¹,

Wu²,

Sun³

et al. 2018

AJPS

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Getting embryogenic callus is the first step for banana transformation. Enhancing embryonic-callus-rate is important for banana molecular breeding. In this paper, WIND1, an AP2/ERF transcription factor was added into the embryonic-callus-inducing medium with poly-Arg and nuclear localization signal (NLS). The embryogenic-callus-induced rate of the immature male florescence cultured on the media containing the recombinant protein Arg9-NLS-WIND1 was significantly higher than that of the immature male florescence cultured on the control media. Medium containing 0.01% of the protein Arg9-NLS-WIND1 had the best effect for inducing the embryogenesis of the immature male inflorescence. On the medium containing 0.01% of the protein Arg9-NLS-WIND1, 11.5% of the immature male flowers can develop embryonic callus. On the medium containing Arg9-NLS-WIND1, the protein might be transferred into cytoplasm of the explants by endocytosis due to the interaction between the poly-Arg transduction domain and the plasma membrane. After it entered the nucleus guided by NLS and bind with the target DNA domain, the somatic cell embryogenesis reactions were initiated and the embryonic callus formed.

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“…In the plant model Gossypium hirsutum the increased rate of somatic embryos induction was statistically greater with the inclusion of the extracellular AGPs fraction into the culture medium (Poon et al 2012). Furthermore, it is known that a specific set of AGPs could have an inhibitory effect on somatic embryogenesis ) as has been documented with AGPs extracted from G. hirsutum non-embryogenic calli, which inhibited somatic embryogenesis when incorporated into the culture media of the same species (Poon et al 2012).…”

Section: 1 Arabinogalactan Proteins and Pectinsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Histology and Histochemistry of Somatic Embryogenesis

Rocha

Kurczyńska

Potocka

et al. 2016

Somatic Embryogenesis: Fundamental Aspects and Applications

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The seminal reports of somatic embryogenesis in the umbellifers Oenanthe aquatica by Harry Waris in 1957 (Krikorian and Simola, Physiol Plant 105:348-355 (1999)) and carrot (Steward et al., Am J Bot 45:693-703 (1958)) paved the way for current studies on the mechanisms involved in the transition of somatic cells to the embryogenic state for many species (Fehér et al., Plant Cell Tiss Org 74:201-228, 2003; Elhiti and Stasolla, Plant embryo culture: methods and protocols, Humana Press, New York, 2011; Fehér, Biochim Biophys Acta 1849: [385][386][387][388][389][390][391][392][393][394][395][396][397][398][399][400][401][402] 2015). Somatic embryogenesis has been a focal point of research in plant development. This process relies on somatic cell totipotency (i.e., the capacity to regenerate the entire plant from single somatic cells), and it has been long used in biotechnological breeding techniques as an efficient system for regenerating plants in a large-scale basis. Also, because it is a unique system which includes a large number of events-such as physiological reprogramming of explants as well as

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A Chimeric Arabinogalactan Protein Promotes Somatic Embryogenesis in Cotton Cell Culture

Cited by 52 publications

References 80 publications

Nanospherical arabinogalactan proteins are a key component of the high-strength adhesive secreted by English ivy

Nanospherical arabinogalactan proteins are a key component of the high-strength adhesive secreted by English ivy

A Method to Improve the Embryogenesis Rate of Banana Somatic Cell Embryogenesis

Histology and Histochemistry of Somatic Embryogenesis

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