A Chinese Version of the Caring Dimensions Inventory: Reliability and Validity Assessment

Abstract

Caring is central to nursing practice. Chinese nurses take care for the health of about 20% of the world’s population and their perception of caring is critical. However, until recently, instrument specifically designed to measure the caring of nurses in China was not found. Caring dimensions inventory (CDI) is one of the most frequently used instrument when measuring caring and is applicable to nurses from different cultures. The aim of this study is to test the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the 25-item CDI. The English version of CDI was translated into Chinese according to the guidelines of the World Health Organization. Content validity was conducted among seven senior nurses from different institutions in different cities in China. A convenience sample of nurses from 11 cities in China was employed. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of the CDI was carried out using a sample of 880 nurses. The overall content validity index was 0.98. Three factors (Nurturance, Collaboration, Skill) were identified in exploratory factor analysis and were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The three-factor solution explains 70.15% of the total variance. The Cronbach alpha for overall the CDI was 0.97. This study demonstrated that the Chinese version of the CDI showed satisfactory reliability and validity, indicating that it could be a useful measurement to assess nurses’ perception of caring in China.

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of Chinese version of the Sickness Presenteeism Scale-Nurses：A cross-sectional study

“…Retest reliability is used to re ect the stability and consistency of the test results of the same scale at different time points, and re-test reliability is expressed by the correlation coe cient r. r has a range of 0 to 1, and the closer it is to 1, the more reliable the retest is. [32]The re-test reliability of this study was 0.896, and the re-test reliability of the dimensions ranged from 0.854 to 0.939, indicating good stability and consistency of the translated scales. Split-half reliability, the questionnaire entries are divided into two halves, which can be considered as two measurements in the shortest period of time, and the correlation coe cient between the two halves of the entries is calculated and used as the folded half reliability of the scale.…”

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Sickness Presenteeism Scale- Nurses:A cross-sectional study

“…Cronbach's α is less than 0.6, which is considered to be insu cient internal consistency; when it is between 0.7 and 0.8, there is a certain degree of reliability; and when it is between 0.8 and 0.9, it indicates a good degree of reliability [31].The Cronbach's α of the total scale in this study was 0.943, and the Cronbach's α of the dimensions were 0.843 to 0.944, indicating good homogeneity among the 21 items in the translated scale. Retest reliability is used to re ect the stability and consistency of the test results of the same scale at different time points, and re-test reliability is expressed by the correlation coe cient r. r has a range of 0 to 1, and the closer it is to 1, the more reliable the retest is [32].The re-test reliability of this study was 0.896, and the re-test reliability of the dimensions ranged from 0.854 to 0.939, indicating good stability and consistency of the translated scales. Split-half reliability, the questionnaire entries are divided into two halves, which can be considered as two measurements in the shortest period of time, and the correlation coe cient between the two halves of the entries is calculated and used as the folded half reliability of the scale.…”

Nurses Who Are More Willing to Participate in the Fight against COVID-19: Evidence from China

“…It is cross-culturally applicable [ 16 , 17 ]; the original English inventory was translated into Chinese using a systematic translation process which included a forward-backward translation, consensus meeting, pilot testing, and a psychometric analysis [ 18 ]. The Cronbach’s α coefficient and the content validity index (CVI) of the Chinese version inventory were 0.97 and 0.98 respectively [ 19 ].…”