A chip-scale atomic clock based on ^87Rb with improved frequency stability

Knappe, Svenja; Schwindt, Peter D. D.; Shah, Vishal; Hollberg, L.; Kitching, John; Liew, Li-Anne; Moreland, John

doi:10.1364/opex.13.001249

Cited by 212 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

122

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Potential applications include atomic clocks [9], atom interferometers [10], [11], and quantum information processors [12], [13]. Silicon is one of several materials used as a substrate for atom chips.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Magnetooptical Atom Traps on a Chip

Lewis

Moktadir

Gollasch

et al. 2009

J. Microelectromech. Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Ultracold atoms can be manipulated using microfabricated devices known as atom chips. These have significant potential for applications in sensing, metrology, and quantum information processing. To date, the chips are loaded by transfer of atoms from an external macroscopic magnetooptical trap (MOT) into microscopic traps on the chip. This transfer involves a series of steps, which complicate the experimental procedure and lead to atom losses. In this paper, we present a design for integrating a MOT into a silicon wafer by combining a concave pyramidal mirror with a square wire loop. We describe how an array of such traps has been fabricated, and we present magnetic, thermal, and optical properties of the chip.[ 2008-0124]Index Terms-Atom chips, cavity patterning, electrophoretic resist, magnetooptical traps (MOTs).

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Magnetooptical Atom Traps on a Chip

Lewis

Moktadir

Gollasch

et al. 2009

J. Microelectromech. Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Electric and magnetic fields, external or inherent in the radiation fields, may also influence the time evolution of the spin polarization and cause measurable changes in absorption or fluorescence intensity and/or polarization. These effects are the basis of many magnetometry schemes [4,5], and must be taken into account in atomic clocks [6] and when searching for fundamental symmetry violations [7] or exotic physics such as an electric dipole moment of the electron [8]. Sufficiently strong laser radiation creates atomic polarization in excited as well as in the ground state [9] The polarization is destroyed when the Zeeman sublevel degeneracy is removed by a magnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial dynamics of laser-induced fluorescence in an intense laser beam: An experimental and theoretical study with alkali-metal atoms

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have shown that it is possible to model accurately optical phenomena in intense laser fields by taking into account the intensity distribution over the laser beam. We developed a theoretical model that divided an intense laser beam into concentric regions, each with a Rabi frequency that corresponds to the intensity in that region, and solved a set of coupled optical Bloch equations for the density matrix in each region. Experimentally obtained magneto-optical resonance curves for the Fg = 2 −→ Fe = 1 transition of the D1 line of 87 Rb agreed very well with the theoretical model up to a laser intensity of around 200 mW/cm 2 for a transition whose saturation intensity is around 4.5 mW/cm 2 . We have studied the spatial dependence of the fluorescence intensity in an intense laser beam experimentally and theoretically. An experiment was conducted whereby a broad, intense pump laser excited the Fg = 4 −→ Fe = 3 transition of the D2 line of cesium while a weak, narrow probe beam scanned the atoms within the pump beam and excited the D1 line of cesium, whose fluorescence was recorded as a function of probe beam position. Experimentally obtained spatial profiles of the fluorescence intensity agreed qualitatively with the predictions of the model.

show abstract

“…A wavelength-tunable semiconductor laser is constructed by combining an optical micro-electromechanical (MEM) mirror with a VCSEL [44][45][46][47]. These mechanically tunable lasers have been studied extensively for various applications, including: telecommunication [44,48], biomolecular and chemical sensing [49] , spectroscopy [50], and chip-scale atomic clock [51,52]. The MEM tunable structures are desirable because they provide for a large and In this chapter, we present a HCG-based tunable VCSEL by integrating a singlelayer compact HCG with nano-electromechanical actuators to create a movable reflector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Session V.A (DeBartolo Hall Room 102) Optoelectronic devices

2013

71st Device Research Conference

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Subwavelength High-Contrast Grating (HCG) and its Applications in Optoelectronic Devicesby Ye Zhou Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering -Electrical Engineering and Computer SciencesUniversity of California, BerkeleyProfessor Constance J. Chang-Hasnain, ChairOptical grating is a research topic with a long history. It has been extensively studied over the years due to its various applications in holography, spectroscopy, lasers, and many other optoelectronic devices. In this dissertation, we present a novel single-layer subwavelength high-index-contrast grating (HCG) which opens a new era in the study of grating. HCGs can serve as surface normal broadband (∆λ/λ ~35%), high-reflectivity (>99%) mirrors, which can be used to replace conventional distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) in optical devices. Different designs of HCGs can also serve as narrow band, surface emitting, high-quality (Q) factor optical resonators or shallow angle reflectors. In this dissertation, we will review the recent advances in high-index-contrast grating and its applications in optoelectronic devices, including vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), high-Q optical resonators, and hollow-core waveguides.We first present a novel HCG-based VCSEL where the conventional DBR mirror is replaced with a HCG-based mirror. A systematic and comprehensive review of the experimental and numerical simulation results is presented to demonstrate many desirable 2 attributes of HCG-based VCSELs, including polarization selection, transverse mode control and a large fabrication tolerance.Next, we present an ultra-fast tuning, HCG-based tunable VCSEL. By integrating a mechanically movable actuator with a single-layer HCG as the VCSEL top mirror, precise, wide continuous wavelength tuning (~18 nm) was achieved at room temperature.The small footprint of the HCG enables each of the mechanical actuator dimensions to be scaled down by at least a factor of 10, resulting in a greater than 1000 times reduction in mass, and an increase in the mechanical resonant frequency. It also allows for a recordfast, HCG-based tunable VCSEL with a tuning time in the ~10 ns range to be obtained.Besides the HCG-based VCSELs/tunable VCSELs, we also present a HCG-based surface normal high-Q resonator with a simulated Q-factor as large as 500,000 and an experimentally measured Q-factor of ~14,000. The unique feature of a high-Q with surface normal emission is highly desirable, as the topology facilitates a convenient and high output coupling with free-space or fiber optics. This feature is promising for array fabrication of lasers and filters, as well as high throughput sensor arrays.In addition, we propose a HCG-based hollow-core waveguide design with an ultralow propagation loss of <0.01dB/m, three orders of magnitude lower than the lowest loss of the state-of-art chip-scale hollow waveguides. This novel HCG hollow-core waveguide design will serve as a basic building block in many chip-scale integrated photonic circuits, enabling system-level applications including o...

show abstract

A chip-scale atomic clock based on ^87Rb with improved frequency stability

Cited by 212 publications

References 9 publications

Fabrication of Magnetooptical Atom Traps on a Chip

Fabrication of Magnetooptical Atom Traps on a Chip

Spatial dynamics of laser-induced fluorescence in an intense laser beam: An experimental and theoretical study with alkali-metal atoms

Session V.A (DeBartolo Hall Room 102) Optoelectronic devices

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About