A Cholesterol-Rich Diet Accelerates Bacteriologic Sterilization in Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Pérez-Guzmán, Carlos; Vargas, Mario H.; Quiñonez, Francisco; Bazavilvazo, Norma; Aguilar, Adriana

doi:10.1378/chest.127.2.643

Cited by 95 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The cholesterol level of TB patients was lower than that of healthy controls (35), and a cholesterol-rich diet accelerated the bacteriologic sterilization of sputum cultures in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (10). In patients with severe trauma, persistence of hypocholesterolemia indicates a progressive organ/ metabolic dysfunction (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with tuberculosis have been reported to have low cholesterol levels (9), and cholesterol supplementation accelerated the sterilization rate of sputum cultures in pulmonary tuberculosis patients (10). These results suggest that the efficacy of anti-tubercular treatment could be influenced by nutritional status through its effects on cellular immunity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Changes in cholesterol level correlate with the course of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease

Hong

Yang

et al. 2016

J. Thorac. Dis.

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Background: Nutritional assessment is important in patients with pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (PNTM) disease. The therapeutic effect of a cholesterol-rich diet in tuberculosis (TB) patients has been demonstrated, but the role of cholesterol in PNTM disease is unclear. This study evaluated the sequential changes in nutritional markers, including cholesterol, total lymphocyte count and visceral fat volume, according to the PNTM disease course. Methods:This was an age-, sex-and number of comorbid diseases-matched case-control analysis of 89 patients with PNTM disease and 356 controls, who were participants in a Korean national survey. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the change in cholesterol level may be a marker of disease progression in patients with PNTM disease. Results

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Changes in cholesterol level correlate with the course of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease

Hong

Yang

et al. 2016

J. Thorac. Dis.

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“…To show any possible interaction between MHC II and cholesterol we endeavored to build a of cholesterol in the TM domain of MHC II may change the conformation of the peptide binding groove in an allosteric pathway and the conformational change of the peptide binding groove may be either by specifi c pathway or by global conformational change of MHC II. Many human diseases, such as leishmaniasis and tuberculosis, are associated with reduced cholesterol level ( 13,50 ) coupled with immunosuppression ( 14,51 ). It was observed that under certain pathological conditions, like leishmaniasis, there is an expansion of CD8 + T cells coupled with a decline of CD4 + T cells ( 52,53 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was observed that m ␤ -M ⌽ s and m ␤ -M ⌽ -CL-AN showed compromised ability to stimulate T cell hybridoma (HyH12.6, A k restricted) as evident from the 80% decrease in IL-2 production as compared with N-M ⌽ s in presence of HEL [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] peptide, whereas m ␤ -M ⌽ -CL showed normal T cell stimulating ability ( Fig. 1C ).…”

Section: T Cell Stimulation Depends On Membrane Cholesterol But Not Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol lowering drug may influence cellular immune response by altering MHC II function

Roy

Ghosh

Pal

et al. 2013

Journal of Lipid Research

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There is a report that lowering of membrane cholesterol decreases expansion of the immune repertoire of CD4 + T cells, but not CD8 + T cells, in the thymic organ culture ( 3 ). The association of MHC II with either lipid raft or tetraspanin membrane domain is essential for effective antigen presentation ( 4,5 ). The treatment of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with methyl ␤ -cyclodextrin (m ␤ -CD), known to deplete cellular cholesterol ( 6 ), reduces the antigen-presenting ability of MHC II without altering cell surface expression of MHC II ( 4 ). MHC II-restricted cognate interaction between APCs and CD4 + T cells is necessary for the initiation and propagation of immune response ( 7 ). Collectively the above information inclined to indicate that membrane cholesterol may play a decisive role in the expansion and maintenance of the immune repertoire, but the mechanism is largely unknown. This work is designed to understand how membrane cholesterol infl uences immune response.Cholesterol is important for lipid raft assembly ( 8 ) and also important for the formation of a tetraspanin-enriched microdomain ( 9 ). At a low cholesterol concentration, the diffusion coeffi cient of GPI-linked MHC II is reduced by a factor of 190 ( 10 ). There is a report that cholesterol depletion from the cell decreases the binding of anti-CCR5 antibodies directed to different sites of the receptor in a varying degree ( 11 ) The cholesterol lowering drug, statin, is extensively used in medical practice. There are clinical reports suggesting a better outcome of cardiac transplant in patients on statin therapy ( 1 ). Statin inhibits IFN-␥ -induced major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) expression but does not affect constitutive expression of MHC I and MHC II ( 2 ). Research, New Delhi, India and Network Project (Project NWP 0005 / BSC 0120 ; APC, antigen-presenting cell; CCM, cholesterol consensus motif; CRAC, cholesterol recognition/interaction amino-acid consensus; 3D, three-dimensional; m ␤ -CD, methyl ␤ -cyclodextrin; m ␤ -M ⌽ , methyl ␤ -cyclodextrin-treated macrophage; m ␤ -M ⌽ -CL, methyl ␤ -cyclodextrintreated macrophages treated with liposomal cholesterol; m ␤ -M ⌽ -CL-AN, methyl ␤ -cyclodextrin-treated macrophages treated with liposomal cholesterol analog; M ⌽ , macrophage; MHC I/II, major histocompatibility complex class I/II; mAb, monoclonal antibody; MFI, mean fl uorescence intensity; N-M ⌽ , normal macrophage; N-M ⌽ -CL, normal macrophages treated with liposomal cholesterol; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PEC, peritoneal exudate cell; TFE, trifl uoroethanol; TM, transmembrane; TM-MHC-II, transmembrane domain of major histocompatibility complex class II. This work was supported by the Council of Scientifi c and Industrial

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“…During anti-TB chemotherapy, the cholesterol and albumin serum levels increased significantly by 0.71¡1.26 mmol?L -1 (p,0.001) and 3.7¡6.5 g?L -1 (p50.009), respectively, in the first 3 months, which may reflect the wasting effects of severe TB (tested using an unpaired t-test to show the change during the 3-month interval). While the dual role of malnutrition as a risk factor and consequence of TB is well known, there have been few previous studies showing that nutritional supplements affect the course of TB [14,24,25]. However, recent studies that showed a lower risk of TB in obesity [26] and the effects of a cholesterol-rich diet on bacteriological sterilisation [24] may indirectly support the importance of appropriate nutrition in TB infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional deficit as a negative prognostic factor in patients with miliary tuberculosis

Kim²,

Sy³

et al. 2008

Eur Respir J

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The effects of malnutrition on outcomes in miliary tuberculosis (MTB) are not well described. The aim of the present study was to find predictors for the development of acute respiratory failure (ARF) and survival in MTB patients, focusing on parameters reflecting nutritional condition.Out of the patients from three hospitals who had microbiologically or histopathologically confirmed tuberculosis, 56 patients presenting with typical disseminated pulmonary nodules on radiographs were retrospectively enrolled. A four-point nutritional risk score (NRS) was defined according to the presence of four nutritional factors: low body mass index (BMI; ,18.5 kg?m The male to female ratio was 1:3. ARF developed in 25% of patients (14 out of 56), with a 50% fatality rate. A high NRS (o3 points) was an independent risk factor for the development of ARF and fatality. In 90-day survival analysis, ARF, severe lymphocytopenia, hypocholesterolaemia, low BMI and higher NRS were risk factors for poor outcome. In multivariate analysis, only high NRS was an independent risk factor for 90-day survival rate in patients with MTB.A high nutritional risk score was a good predictor of poor outcome in miliary tuberculosis patients. Additional approaches to recover the nutritional deficits may become a focus in future management of miliary tuberculosis.

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A Cholesterol-Rich Diet Accelerates Bacteriologic Sterilization in Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Cited by 95 publications

References 26 publications

Changes in cholesterol level correlate with the course of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease

Changes in cholesterol level correlate with the course of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease

Cholesterol lowering drug may influence cellular immune response by altering MHC II function

Nutritional deficit as a negative prognostic factor in patients with miliary tuberculosis

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