A chronological overview of analytical techniques in forensic identification of printing toners

Interpol questioned documents review 2019–2022

“…Determination of printing technology may be used to confirm or refute links between devices, and even owners and places of production of documents, and so forms another problem set for study comprising four textbooks [ [441] , [442] , [443] , [444] ]. The following subsection on Conventional Printing comprises 26 articles [ [445] , [446] , [447] , [448] , [449] , [450] , [451] , [452] , [453] , [454] , [455] , [456] , [457] , [458] , [459] , [460] , [461] , [462] , [463] , [464] , [465] , [466] ], while the subsection entitled 3D Printing includes six textbooks [ [467] , [468] , [469] , [470] , [471] , [472] ] and four articles [ [473] , [474] , [475] , [476] ]. There are 23 conference presentations added in reference only [ [477] , [478] , [479] , [480] , [481] , [482] , [483] , [484] , [485] , [486] , [487] , [488] , [489] , [490] , [491] , [492] , [493] , [494] , [495] , [496] , [497] , [498] , [499...…”

“…Tomar et al [ 447 ] proposed a chronological overview of analytical techniques in the forensic identification of printing toners. A critical discussion on the trends, advances of analytical techniques implemented in the past four decades, and their respective edge over each other was presented in the study.…”

“…As previously stated, the reference section for printing technologies includes many references [ [441] , [442] , [443] , [444] , [445] , [446] , [447] , [448] , [449] , [450] , [451] , [452] , [453] , [454] , [455] , [456] , [457] , [458] , [459] , [460] , [461] , [462] , [463] , [464] , [465] , [466] , [467] , [468] , [469] , [470] , [471] , [472] , [473] , [474] , [475] , [476] , [477] , [478] , [479] , [480] , [481] , [482] , [483] , [484] , [485] , [486] , [487] , [488] , [489] , [490] , [491] , [492] , [493] , [494] , [495] , [496] , [497] , [498] , [499] , [500] , [501] , [502] ].…”

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

“…Another review presented a chronological overview of analytical techniques for the forensic identification of toners . 344 This review, by Tomar et al , contained 55 references and covered many aspects of analysis, including physical examination to identify defects. The majority of the review focussed on the analytical chemistry involved and the techniques used.…”

An Application of Deep Learning Technology in The Recognition of Forged Documents with Color Laser Printing

“…Recently, there have been many crimes of using counterfeit currency in many places in Taiwan [3]. Analytical techniques of toner powder, such as infrared spectroscopy (IR) [4], scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (SEM/EDX) [5], pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) [6], and Raman spectrometer [7], are commonly used for printing forensics [8]. However, the above methods are extremely expensive.…”