2022
DOI: 10.5194/gmd-15-1375-2022
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A circulation-based performance atlas of the CMIP5 and 6 models for regional climate studies in the Northern Hemisphere mid-to-high latitudes

Abstract: Abstract. Global climate models are a keystone of modern climate research. In most applications relevant for decision making, they are assumed to provide a plausible range of possible future climate states. However, these models have not been originally developed to reproduce the regional-scale climate, which is where information is needed in practice. To overcome this dilemma, two general efforts have been made since their introduction in the late 1960s. First, the models themselves have been steadily improve… Show more

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Cited by 28 publications
(70 citation statements)
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References 115 publications
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“…5). It is known that MIROC5 shows biases in the North Atlantic storm-track activity compared to ERA-Interim (e.g., Brands, 2022;Zappa et al, 2013). Correcting this circulation bias in AF_SI leads to even larger precipitation biases, which are only reduced when the soil moisture is constrained as well.…”
Section: Location and Sign Of Seasonal Biasesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…5). It is known that MIROC5 shows biases in the North Atlantic storm-track activity compared to ERA-Interim (e.g., Brands, 2022;Zappa et al, 2013). Correcting this circulation bias in AF_SI leads to even larger precipitation biases, which are only reduced when the soil moisture is constrained as well.…”
Section: Location and Sign Of Seasonal Biasesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since EC-Earth3 was used for CMIP6, it also has the most recent forcing data. Among CMIP5 and CMIP6 models, EC-Earth3 is one of the bestperforming models with regard to the representation of atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere middle to high latitudes (Brands, 2022;Fernandez-Granja et al, 2021). MIROC5 has contributed to CMIP5 as well as the 1.5 • C versus 2.0 • C global warming experiments (e.g., Hirsch et al, 2018;Mitchell et al, 2017;Shiogama et al, 2019).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The land-surface boundary is defined according to ECO-CLIMAP (Champeaux et al, 2005) and used to calculate mass and energy fluxes between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere. Over the North Sea and Baltic Sea, RCA is interactively coupled to the 3-D ocean model NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean; Madec, 2012, Fig.…”
Section: The Regional Climate Model Rcamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…First, the parent global models differ in their thermodynamic equilibrium states, such that both the air temperatures and the moisture loads at the lateral boundary of the RCA differ as well. As a result, the large-scale atmospheric circulation also differs among the global models (e.g., Brands, 2022), as the Equator-to-pole temperature gradients are likewise different (Harvey et al, 2014). This further influences the meridional position of the westerlies in the respective models.…”
Section: Differences In Ivt Thresholds In Historical and Hindcast Sim...mentioning
confidence: 99%