A Classification of Faults Covering the Human-Computer Interaction Loop

Abstract

The operator is one of the main sources of vulnerability in command and control systems; for example, 79% of fatal accidents in aviation are attributed to "human error." Following Avizienis et al.'s classification system for faults human error at operation time can be characterized as the operator's failure to deliver services while interacting with the command and control system. However, little previous work attempts to separate out the many different origins of faults that set the operator in an error mode. This paper proposes an extension to the Avizienis et al. taxonomy in order to more fully account for the human operator, making explicit the faults, error states, and failures that cause operators to deviate from correct service delivery. Our new taxonomy improves understanding and identification of faults, and provides systematic insight into ways that human service failures could be avoided or repaired. We present multiple concrete examples, from aviation and other domains, of faults affecting operators and fault-tolerant mechanisms, covering the critical aspects of the operator-side of the Human-Computer Interaction Loop.

Impact of Industrial Noise on Speech Interaction Performance and User Acceptance when Using the MS HoloLens 2

“…The conducted study was part of an overarching research model. This model for error analysis was derived from the HCPS approach (see [4][5][6]) and was based on a control loop (human-computer interaction loop; see [25]). The model was designed to investigate errors and their effects on immersive assistance systems in operational tasks in an industrial context.…”

“…Research demand: In general, the error weighting needs to be explored in detail regarding the acceptance factors [25,26]. The contributions about taxonomies of errors in ASs (see [27][28][29]) require a focus on the error effects.…”

Interactive Systems: a Unique Place for Human‐Hardware‐Software Integration and their Vulnerability to Human‐Made and Natural Faults

“…Figure 2. Taxonomy of faults that may affect the behavior of the computing systems (adapted from (Avizienis et al 2004) More recently, (Palanque et al 2020) proposed a classification of faults affecting the behavior of the operator. This classification follows the same decomposition pattern as the one from (Avizienis et al 2004) but adapts it to the inner behavior of operators.…”

Dependability and Safety: Two Clouds in the Blue Sky of Multimodal Interaction

“…To address this gap, [40] broadened the dimensions that characterize faults. In that paper they focused only on operational faults (leaving aside the development faults), and expanded the dimensions of System boundary and Phenomenological cause, as illustrated by Figure 3.…”