A click chemistry strategy for visualization of plant cell wall lignification

Tobimatsu, Yuki; Wouwer, Dorien Van de; Allen, E.; Kumpf, Robert P.; Vanholme, Bartel; Boerjan, Wout; Ralph, John

doi:10.1039/c4cc04692g

Cited by 43 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Such a scenario would produce a structural matrix that could explain observations of both increased lignin solubility and increased cell wall digestibility as seen in grasses. Perhaps using visualization techniques such as click chemistry or fluorescence-tagged monolignols would help to define in plant lignin structure (Tobimatsu et al, 2013, 2014). In addition, grass cell walls tend to have a slower rate of structural carbohydrate degradation by ruminants though the extent is usually greater than the walls of dicot forages such as alfalfa (Galyean and Goetsch, 1993).…”

Section: Organization Of the Cell Wallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking

2017

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Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein. We are beginning to understand the synthesis of these major wall components individually, but still have a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices. Valuable insight has been gained by examining intact components to understand the individual elements that make up plant cell walls. Grasses are a prominent group within the plant kingdom, not only for their important roles in global agriculture, but also for the complexity of their cell walls. Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species. Incorporation of p-coumarates as part of the lignin structure also adds to the complexity of grass cell walls. Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin. Evidence strongly suggests that ferulates not only cross-link arabinoxylans, but may be important factors in lignification of the cell wall. Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization. The role of other phenolics in cell wall formation such as p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates) remains unknown. It is possible that p-coumarates assist in the formation of lignin, especially syringyl rich lignin. The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix. These features are discussed and working models are provided to illustrate how changing the organization of feruoylation and p-coumaroylation could lead to differing cell wall properties.

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Section: Organization Of the Cell Wallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking

2017

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“…While antibodies and carbohydrate binding modules have proved informative [11,12], epitope masking can be problematic [13]. Click labeling of pectins has given insights into pectin secretion and its aftermath [14*] while fluorescent monolignols enable new ways to monitor the process of lignification [15*,16]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-constructing our models of cellulose and primary cell wall assembly

Cosgrove

2014

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

367

303

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The cellulose microfibril has more subtlety than is commonly recognized. Details of its structure may influence how matrix polysaccharides interact with its distinctive hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces to form a strong yet extensible structure. Recent advances in this field include the first structures of bacterial and plant cellulose synthases and revised estimates of microfibril structure, reduced from 36 to 18 chains. New results also indicate that cellulose interactions with xyloglucan are more limited than commonly believed, whereas pectin-cellulose interactions are more prevalent. Computational results indicate that xyloglucan binds tightest to the hydrophobic surface of cellulose microfibrils. Wall extensibility may be controlled at limited regions ("biomechanical hotspots") where cellulose-cellulose contacts are made, potentially mediated by trace amounts of xyloglucan.

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“…Recently, a number of studies in plants have utilized click chemistry for detecting a variety of cellular processes including chemical inhibitor targets (Kaschani et al, 2009), cell wall lignification (Tobimatsu et al, 2014), cell cycle trafficking (Bourge, Fort, Soler, Satiat-Jeunemaitre, & Brown, 2015), as well as protein modifications such as farnesylation (Dutilleul et al, 2016), N -myristoylation and S -acylation (Boyle et al, 2016), and receptor-ligand binding (Hind et al, 2016). Given the relative ease of use and diversity of applications possible, adoption of click chemistry in plant research is likely to increase in the future.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting the Interaction of Peptide Ligands with Plant Membrane Receptors

et al. 2017

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The field of plant receptor biology has rapidly expanded in recent years, however the demonstration of direct interaction between receptor-ligand pairs remains a challenge. Click chemistry has revolutionized small molecule research but lacks popularity in plant research. Here we describe a method that tests for the direct physical interaction of a candidate receptor protein and a peptide ligand. This protocol describes the generation of the ligand probe, transient expression of a receptor protein, enrichment of membrane-bound receptors, photo-crosslinking and click chemistry-mediated reporter addition, and detection of the receptor-ligand complex. Copper-based click chemistry confers several advantages, including the versatility to use almost any azide-containing reporter molecule for detection or visualization of the complex and addition of the reporter molecule after receptor-ligand binding which reduces the need for bulky ligand modifications that could interfere with the interaction.

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A click chemistry strategy for visualization of plant cell wall lignification

Cited by 43 publications

References 30 publications

Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking

Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking

Re-constructing our models of cellulose and primary cell wall assembly

Detecting the Interaction of Peptide Ligands with Plant Membrane Receptors

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