A climatology of warm‐season mesoscale convective complexes in subtropical South America

Durkee, Joshua D.; Mote, Thomas L.

doi:10.1002/joc.1893

Cited by 83 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Boers et al (2013) documented that CN identify the most relevant climatic features of the SAMS. These include the main convergence zones (the intertropical and South Atlantic convergence zones), the most important moisture transport routes, and areas of frequent development of MCS (Maddox 1980;Durkee et al 2009;Durkee and Mote 2010). Here, we extend the methodology by two more CN measures and compare results for TRMM 3B42 V7 to corresponding results for the two other observational as well as for the three model-derived datasets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme Rainfall of the South American Monsoon System: A Dataset Comparison Using Complex Networks

et al. 2015

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In this study, the authors compare six different rainfall datasets for South America with a focus on their representation of extreme rainfall during the monsoon season (December-February): the gauge-calibrated TRMM 3B42 V7 satellite product; the near-real-time TRMM 3B42 V7 RT, the GPCP 18 daily (1DD) V1.2 satellite-gauge combination product, the Interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) product; output of a high-spatial-resolution run of the ECHAM6 global circulation model; and output of the regional climate model Eta. For the latter three, this study can be understood as a model evaluation. In addition to statistical values of local rainfall distributions, the authors focus on the spatial characteristics of extreme rainfall covariability. Since traditional approaches based on principal component analysis are not applicable in the context of extreme events, they apply and further develop methods based on complex network theory. This way, the authors uncover substantial differences in extreme rainfall patterns between the different datasets: (i) The three model-derived datasets yield very different results than the satellite-gauge combinations regarding the main climatological propagation pathways of extreme events as well as the main convergence zones of the monsoon system. (ii) Large discrepancies are found for the development of mesoscale convective systems in southeastern South America. (iii) Both TRMM datasets and ECHAM6 indicate a linkage of extreme rainfall events between the central Amazon basin and the eastern slopes of the central Andes, but this pattern is not reproduced by the remaining datasets. The authors' study suggests that none of the three model-derived datasets adequately captures extreme rainfall patterns in South America.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme Rainfall of the South American Monsoon System: A Dataset Comparison Using Complex Networks

et al. 2015

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“…Randall et al (1991), por sua vez, sugerem que a estabilização em decorrência da absorção de radiação solar devidoàs nuvens tenderia a suprimir a convecção durante a tarde comparativamente ao período da madrugada. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho mostram um comportamento dos horários de iniciação, maturação e dissipação dos SCM RS semelhante aos encontrados por outros autores ao estudarem as características dos SCM na AS (Velasco & Fritsch, 1987;Machado et al, 1998;Siqueira, 2004;Vila, 2004;Salio et al, 2007;Durkee & Mote, 2009;Sakamoto, 2009;Sakamoto et al, 2009). Cabe lembrar que as diferenças encontradas devemse ao fato de que os SCM analisados neste estudo são aqueles que se formaram e se mantiveram durante o seu ciclo de vida ao sul de 20 • S, apresentaram tempo de vida de no mínimo 6 h, tiveram geração espontânea e dissipação normal e que atingiram a grade que cobre o RS.…”

Section: Horários Mais Frequentes De Iniciações Maturações E Dissunclassified

“…Especificamente, os padrões de frequência e concentração dos SCM no Paraguai, norte da Argentina e sul do Brasil durante o verão são indicativos de estabilidade estática mínima comum nestaépoca do ano (Durkee & Mote, 2009). Também, o forte aquecimento diurno que ocorre sobre as regiões mais elevadas dos Andes pode gerar ondas de gravidade que se propagam em direção ao continente, estimulando a convecção nas regiões preferências de iniciação dos SCM (Mapes et al, 2003).…”

Section: Horários Mais Frequentes De Iniciações Maturações E Dissunclassified

“…Apesar dessa ressalva, os resultados obtidos neste trabalho vão ao encontro daqueles encontrados por diversos autores (Velasco & Fritsch, 1987;Machado et al, 1998;Siqueira, 2004;Vila, 2004;Durkee & Mote, 2009;Sakamoto, 2009;Sakamoto et al, 2009, por exemplo), que mostraram que os SCM subtropicais sul-americanos tendem a se deslocar para leste desde sua gênese até sua dissipação. Isso ocorre porque o movimento do SCMé a soma de uma componente advectiva, dada pelo deslocamento médio das células convectivas, e uma componente de propagação, definida pela taxa de formação e localização de novas células (Newton & Katz, 1958;Newton & Newton, 1959;Bluestein & Jain, 1985).…”

Section: Horários Mais Frequentes De Iniciações Maturações E Dissunclassified

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Características físicas dos sistemas convectivos de mesoescala que afetaram o Rio Grande do Sul no período de 2004 a 2008

Eichholz

2011

Rev. Bras. Geof.

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Espaciais ) and were the data basis to the ForTrACC method. The results showed that from MCS RS : i) the majority occurred in the warmest quarter and showed lifetime between 6 and 12 h; ii) those with higher lifetime covered larger areas; iii) the largest and most long were observed in JAS (Jul, Aug, Sept) due to higher occurrence of cold fronts in this quarter that favors greater convective activity; iv) presented the three phases of the life cycle distributed throughout the day; v) had their initiation inside and around the grid that covers RS, with preferential initiation over the continent; and vi) presented mean preferential trajectory from west to east. ii) aqueles com maior tempo de vida cobriramáreas maiores; iii) os maiores e mais longos foram observados em JAS (jul, ago, set) devidoà maior ocorrência de frentes frias neste trimestre o que favorece a maior atividade convectiva; iv) apresentaram as 3 fases do ciclo de vida distribuídas ao longo do dia; v) tiveram seus nascimentos dentro e em torno da grade que cobre o RS, com iniciação preferencial sobre o continente; e vi) apresentaram trajetória média preferencial de oeste para leste.Palavras-chave: sensoriamento remoto, técnica ForTrACC, sistemas meteorológicos, meteorologia de mesoescala.

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“…Figure 1 from Silva Dias et al (2009) (cf. Durkee andMote, 2010) shows the geographical and seasonal distribution of mesoscale convective systems (MCS) in South America. It may be seen that there is a greater number of MCS during the austral spring and summer over South America, mainly over Paraguay, northern Argentina and southern Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Amazon biomass burning aerosols and rainfall over the La Plata Basin

Camponogara¹,

Dias²,

Carrió

2014

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. High aerosol loads are discharged into the atmosphere by biomass burning in the Amazon and central Brazil during the dry season. These particles can interact with clouds as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) changing cloud microphysics and radiative properties and, thereby, affecting the radiative budget of the region. Furthermore, the biomass burning aerosols can be transported by the low-level jet (LLJ) to the La Plata Basin, where many mesoscale convective systems (MCS) are observed during spring and summer. This work proposes to investigate whether the aerosols from biomass burning may affect the MCS in terms of rainfall over the La Plata Basin during spring. Aerosol effects are very difficult to isolate because convective clouds are very sensitive to small environment disturbances; for that reason, detailed analyses using different techniques are used. The binplot, 2-D histograms and combined empirical orthogonal function (EOF) methods are used to identify certain environmental conditions with the possible effects of aerosol loading. Reanalysis 2, TRMM-3B42 and AERONET data are used from 1999 up to 2012 during September-December. The results show that there are two patterns associated with rainfallaerosol interaction in the La Plata Basin: one in which the dynamic conditions are more important than aerosols to generation of rain; and a second one where the aerosol particles have a more important role in rain formation, acting mainly to suppress rainfall over the La Plata Basin. However, these results need further investigation to strengthen conclusions, especially because there are limitations and uncertainties in the methodology and data set used.

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A climatology of warm‐season mesoscale convective complexes in subtropical South America

Cited by 83 publications

References 41 publications

Extreme Rainfall of the South American Monsoon System: A Dataset Comparison Using Complex Networks

Extreme Rainfall of the South American Monsoon System: A Dataset Comparison Using Complex Networks

Características físicas dos sistemas convectivos de mesoescala que afetaram o Rio Grande do Sul no período de 2004 a 2008

Relationship between Amazon biomass burning aerosols and rainfall over the La Plata Basin

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