A clinical and pathological description of 320 cases of naturally acquired Babesia rossi infection in dogs

Leisewitz, Andrew L.; Goddard, Amelia; Clift, Sarah J.; Thompson, Peter N.; Gier, Jill de; Engelshoven, Jessica M.A.J.A.J. Van; Schoeman, Johan P.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2019.06.005

Cited by 25 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Both diseases have a similar clinical presentation, and pathology caused both directly by the parasite and as a result of collateral organ damage resulting from the hosts immune response . The clinical description of Babesia rossi infection has been reviewed by other . Babesiosis has a worldwide distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pathology of the spleen in lethal canine babesiosis caused by Babesia rossi

Henning

Clift

Leisewitz

2020

Parasite Immunology

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To provide useful information based on the macropathology, histopathology and immunohistochemical investigation in the spleens of dogs with Babesia rossi infection. Control spleens were collected from four healthy dogs euthanized for welfare reasons. Nine dogs that died naturally because of a mono‐infection with Babesia rossi were selected for the diseased group. One haematoxylin‐and‐eosin–stained section of splenic tissue from each of the infected and control dogs was examined under the light microscope. Immunohistochemical markers were applied to characterize different immunocyte populations. The application of analytic software enabled semi‐quantitative comparison of leucocyte subpopulations. Routine splenic histopathology revealed diffuse intermingling of white and red pulp from infected dogs with a clear loss of distinction between these zones. Immunohistochemistry revealed an increase in the proportion of tissue resident and bone marrow origin macrophages in the infected spleens. Apart from a few remnant lymphocytes within the peri‐arteriolar lymphatic sheaths and follicles, the majority of the immunocytes redistributed to the red pulp, supporting the observation of white and red pulp intermingling. The majority of our findings are in agreement with histomorphological descriptions of the spleen in a variety of noncanid mammalian hosts with lethal malaria or babesiosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,10 The clinical description of Babesia rossi infection has been reviewed by other. 11,12 Babesiosis has a worldwide distribution. The three large babesia species of domestic dogs (Babesia canis, Babesia rossi and Babesia vogelli) have different vectors, are antigenically distinct and differ in pathogenicity and geographic distribution.…”

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confidence: 99%

The pathology of the spleen in lethal canine babesiosis caused by Babesia rossi

Henning

Clift

Leisewitz

2020

Parasite Immunology

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“…Survivors required intensive treatment, e.g. diminazene aceturate, blood transfusion, crystalloid fluids and a prokinetic drug [21].…”

Section: Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Don’t let sleeping dogs lie: unravelling the identity and taxonomy of Babesia canis, Babesia rossi and Babesia vogeli

Penzhorn

2020

Parasites Vectors

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For most of the 20th century the causative agent of canine babesiosis, wherever it occurred in the world, was commonly referred to as Babesia canis. Early research, from the 1890s to the 1930s, had shown that there were three distinctly different vector-specific parasite entities occurring in specific geographical regions, that host response to infection ranged from subclinical to acute, and that immunity to one stock of the parasite did not necessarily protect against infection with other stocks. This substantial body of knowledge was overlooked or ignored for 50 years. In this review the first records and descriptions of the disease in four geographical regions were traced: sub-Saharan Africa, Europe, North Africa and Asia. Research leading to identification of the specific tick vector species involved is documented. Evidence is given of the growing realisation that there were substantial biological differences between stocks originating from different geographical regions. Etymological provenance for Babesia vogeli is proposed.

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“…29 Based on the clinical manifestations, canine babesiosis is classified into complicated and uncomplicated forms. 30 In B. rossi infection, complicated form is extremely challenging to treat with a mortality rate reportedly to be as high as 45%. 31 Involvement of specific systems like the central nervous and kidney increases the risk of mortality in infected dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic markers and their discriminant score in predicting the outcome of Babesia gibsoni infection

et al. 2021

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Background: We aimed to identify prognostic markers and their discriminant score in predicting the lethal outcome of canine Babesia gibsoni. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 108 client‐owned dogs with clinical signs commensurate with babesiosis to analyze haematological, biochemical, haemostatic, antioxidant profile and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels. Samples were screened for Babesia infection (microscopic and molecular techniques). Babesiosis‐affected dogs were classified into survivors and non‐survivors, and 30 healthy dogs were used in the control group. Results: Haemoglobin, thrombocytes, catalase, urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, lactate and reticulocytes were highly correlated to survival. Receiver operating characteristics analysis revealed urea, ALT and lactate as specific prognostic markers for the disease. The formula for calculation of discriminant scores (Di) for lethal outcome of the disease was generated with cut‐off score 0.141. The scoring system was 79% sensitive and 83% specific in predicting the lethal outcome of the disease. Conclusions: A scoring system developed from the prognosticating markers may aid in predicting the outcome of Babesia gibsoni infection on the day of presentation itself enabling intensive care for those animals with a cut‐off score more than 0.141.

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A clinical and pathological description of 320 cases of naturally acquired Babesia rossi infection in dogs

Cited by 25 publications

References 78 publications

The pathology of the spleen in lethal canine babesiosis caused by Babesia rossi

The pathology of the spleen in lethal canine babesiosis caused by Babesia rossi

Don’t let sleeping dogs lie: unravelling the identity and taxonomy of Babesia canis, Babesia rossi and Babesia vogeli

Prognostic markers and their discriminant score in predicting the outcome of Babesia gibsoni infection

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