A Clinical Evaluation of Routine Blood Sampling Practices in Patients With Diabetes

Grady, Mike; Pineau, Mitchel; Pynes, Mary Kate; Katz, Laurence B.; Ginsberg, Barry H.

doi:10.1177/1932296814533172

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Respectively, the intra‐assay and interassay CVs of the PCR assay were only 0.94% and 3.4%, therefore the CV across the blood drops probably represents the variable volumes of the blood drops obtained during the collection procedure. The intraindividual CV of blood drop volume obtained from a finger has been reported to be 83% . This is comparable to the intraindividual CV of miR‐122 measured in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

MicroRNA‐122 can be measured in capillary blood which facilitates point‐of‐care testing for drug‐induced liver injury

Vliegenthart¹,

Berends²,

Potter³

et al. 2017

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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AimsLiver‐enriched microRNA‐122 (miR‐122) is a novel circulating biomarker for drug‐induced liver injury (DILI). To date, miR‐122 has been measured in serum or plasma venous samples. If miR‐122 could be measured in capillary blood obtained from a finger prick it would facilitate point‐of‐care testing, such as in resource‐limited settings that have a high burden of DILI.MethodsIn this study, in healthy subjects, miR‐122 was measured by polymerase chain reaction in three capillary blood drops taken from different fingers and in venous blood and plasma (n = 20). miR‐122 was also measured in capillary blood obtained from patients with DILI (n = 8).ResultsCirculating miR‐122 could be readily measured in a capillary blood drop in healthy volunteers with a median (interquartile range) cycle threshold (Ct) of 32.6 (31.1–34.2). The coefficient of variation for intraindividual variability across replicate blood drops was 49.9%. Capillary miR‐122 faithfully reflected the concentration in venous blood and plasma (Pearson R = 0.89, P < 0.0001; 0.88, P < 0.0001, respectively). miR‐122 was 86‐fold higher in DILI patients [median value 1.0 × 108 (interquartile range 1.89 × 107–3.04 × 109) copies/blood drop] compared to healthy subjects [1.85 × 106 (4.92 × 105–5.88 × 106) copies/blood drop]. Receiver operator characteristic analysis demonstrated that capillary miR‐122 sensitively and specifically reported DILI (area under the curve: 0.96, P = 0.0002).ConclusionThis work supports the potential use of miR‐122 as biomarker of human DILI when measured in a capillary blood drop. With development across DILI aetiologies, this could be used by novel point‐of‐care technologies to produce a minimally invasive, near‐patient, diagnostic test.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

MicroRNA‐122 can be measured in capillary blood which facilitates point‐of‐care testing for drug‐induced liver injury

Vliegenthart¹,

Berends²,

Potter³

et al. 2017

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…[20] For the GC determinations of the volume of blood, a 6 mm disc was used because detection of FAME with FID did not allow for an accurate measurement of fatty acid content from a 3 mm DBS disc. The results obtained for the volume of blood attributed to a 3 mm disc did not differ significantly between methods (Table 1, p ¼ 0.83): discs obtained from a 30 μL DBS were estimated to contain 1.8 AE 0.3 μL using the gravimetric method for six individuals' blood and 1.4 AE 0.3 μL using LC-MS/ MS with DHA calibration curves for three individuals' blood; discs obtained from samples from 20, 30, 40, and 40 Ã μL DBS were estimated to contain 1.5 AE 0.5, 1.6 AE 0.6, 1.4 AE 0.3, and 1.6 AE 0.5 μL, respectively, with an average of 1.5 AE 0.5 μL, using the hemoglobin colorimetric assay for DBS samples from 30 individuals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, there were no differences in the volumes estimated using the hemoglobin method ( p = 0.40) for 3 mm discs from PUFAcoat™ DBS containing different volumes of blood, suggesting that the amount of dried blood in a 3 mm punch is not impacted significantly by differences in the total volume of blood initially spotted onto the paper. This has particular relevance to the clinical setting, since the volume of blood that can be collected by a finger or heel prick from different patients may vary considerably, depending on their age and medical condition …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Volume of Blood in a Small Disc Punched From a Dried Blood Spot Card

Hewawasam

Liu

Jeffery

et al. 2017

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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A specialized dried blood spot (DBS) collection system (PUFAcoat™) in combination with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) has enabled the measurement of numerous analytes in minimal volumes of blood. The current study aimed to determine the volume of blood in 3 and 6 mm discs obtained from our DBS system. The volume of blood in 3 and 6 mm discs obtained from DBS cards is estimated using four different methods: (i) gravimetric analysis; (ii) LC‐MS/MS; (iii) a hemoglobin colorimetric assay; and (iv) GC. Differences in the estimated volume are compared between methods, and variations in estimated blood volume within and between individuals are determined. The average volume of blood in a DBS disc is calculated to be 1.6 ± 0.4 μL and 8.7 ± 1.9 μL for 3 and 6 mm discs, respectively. This estimate is similar between direct and indirect analytical methods and between DBS samples with different starting volumes independent of the method, but there is considerable variation in the volume of blood in comparably‐sized DBS discs from different individuals. Current methods enable the estimation of the blood volume in a small disc obtained from a DBS but a method that can both accurately measure volume and store blood on a DBS is required. Practical Applications: This study demonstrates that it is possible to evaluate the volume of blood contained in a small disc punched from a dried blood spot (DBS) card using a range of different methods, but there is considerable variation in the estimate of volume in samples collected from different individuals. These variations could potentially result in overestimation or underestimation of endogenous levels of various metabolites if presuming a fixed volume, which may be clinically significant. Although there are several ways to correct for blood volume contained on a DBS, the practicality and the universality of these methods are questionable. Ideally, the development of a tool to better determine the volume of blood and/or to precisely spot a volume of blood is required to ensure accuracy when expressing the results of DBS analyses per unit of blood. The volume of blood in a 3 or 6 mm disc obtained from a DBS needs to be known to accurately quantify endogenous levels of metabolites per unit of blood using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry.

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“…The step “Not milking the finger” had the lowest compliance rate, and after the interventions results were even worse, despite all the guidance to not do so. The habit of milking the finger can be found in the literature 25 , but there are no studies investigating the causes for such practice after lancing the finger during the SMBG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational Workshop using games improves self-monitoring of blood glucose among children

Kaneto

Damião

Veríssimo

et al. 2018

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

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Objective:to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational workshop using games to improve self-monitoring of blood glucose techniques for school children with type 1 diabetes. Method:a quasi-experimental study was conducted with school children who attended two outpatient clinics of a university hospital. Data were collected by systematic observation of the self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) technique before and after the intervention. Data analysis consisted of verifying changes while performing the technique, using pre- and post-intervention compliance rates using statistical tests. The sample consisted of 33 children. Each child participated in one session; 17 educational workshops were conducted in total. Results:we found an increased frequency of SMBG, changing lancets, rotation of puncture sites, as well as calibration and periodic checking of date and time of the glucose meter. Comparisons pre- and post-intervention showed that the average number of steps in accordance with the SMBG technique increased from 5.30 to 6.58, whereas the steps “Changing the lancet of the lancing device”, “Pressing the puncture site” and “Disposing of materials used in a needlestick container” showed statistically significant differences. Conclusion:the educational workshop was effective, as it improved children’s performance of the SBMG technique.

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A Clinical Evaluation of Routine Blood Sampling Practices in Patients With Diabetes

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

MicroRNA‐122 can be measured in capillary blood which facilitates point‐of‐care testing for drug‐induced liver injury

MicroRNA‐122 can be measured in capillary blood which facilitates point‐of‐care testing for drug‐induced liver injury

Estimation of the Volume of Blood in a Small Disc Punched From a Dried Blood Spot Card

Educational Workshop using games improves self-monitoring of blood glucose among children

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