This report is a retrospective study of fluid extravasation as a complication of temporomandibular joint pumping and perfusion. Contrast-enhanced 3D-CT of the upper joint compartment was performed for presurgical diagnosis before temporomandibular joint arthroscopic surgery in our hospital from 1996 to 2000. From these cases, 43 joints and 38 patients were selected because they had not improved under conservative treatment during the previous six months. Fluid extravasation of the articular capsule was recognized in 9 joints (20.9%) in 9 patients, 3 males and 6 females. Two of the nine patients had undergone arthroscopic observation before surgery. This test had revealed only thin articular capsule, not a perforation, in any of these cases. The data indicate only extremely tiny perforations or infiltration leakage due to the fluid pressure in the upper joint compartment during pumping or perfusion. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons should be aware of this complication.Key words: TMD -Fluid leakage of the capsuleFluid extravasation of the capsule-Contrast-enhanced 3D-CTWe have previously reported our results with contrast-enhanced 3D-CT of the upper joint compartment [6][7][8] , and we have sometimes recognized the extravasation of the contrasting medium from the TMJ capsules.We report the rate of extravasation, the specifics of the regions, and the causes of this phenomenon.