A Clinician’s Guide to Occupational Exposures in the Military

Graaff, Joel Van De; Poole, Jill

doi:10.1007/s11882-022-01051-0

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 37 publications

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“…Burn pits have been used to dispose of waste predominantly in Iraq [ 40 , 41 ]. Hundreds of thousands of American troops have been exposed to huge amounts of toxic waste incinerated in large open pits with few, if any, environmental safeguards [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Ocular Toxicity of Two Major Sources of Environmental Exposure

Rauchman,

Kasselman,

Srivastava

et al. 2024

IJERPH

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The effect of airborne exposure on the eye surface is an area in need of exploration, particularly in light of the increasing number of incidents occurring in both civilian and military settings. In this study, in silico methods based on a platform comprising a portfolio of software applications and a technology ecosystem are used to test potential surface ocular toxicity in data presented from Iraqi burn pits and the East Palestine, Ohio, train derailment. The purpose of this analysis is to gain a better understanding of the long-term impact of such an exposure to the ocular surface and the manifestation of surface irritation, including dry eye disease. In silico methods were used to determine ocular irritation to chemical compounds. A list of such chemicals was introduced from a number of publicly available sources for burn pits and train derailment. The results demonstrated high ocular irritation scores for some chemicals present in these exposure events. Such an analysis is designed to provide guidance related to the needed ophthalmologic care and follow-up in individuals who have been in proximity to burn pits or the train derailment and those who will experience future toxic exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Ocular Toxicity of Two Major Sources of Environmental Exposure

Rauchman,

Kasselman,

Srivastava

et al. 2024

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Military and occupational exposures among Veterans in the Million Veteran Program by survey self-report: a descriptive study

Sordillo,

Dey,

et al. 2024

Occup Environ Med

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ObjectiveWe aimed to characterise self-reported military and occupational exposures including Agent Orange, chemical/biological warfare agents, solvents, fuels, pesticides, metals and burn pits among Veterans in the Department of Veterans Affairs Million Veteran Program (MVP).MethodsMVP is an ongoing longitudinal cohort and mega-biobank of over one million US Veterans. Over 500 000 MVP participants reported military exposures on the baseline survey, and over 300 000 reported occupational exposures on the lifestyle survey. We determined frequencies of selected self-reported occupational exposures by service era, specific deployment operation (1990–1991 Gulf War, Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF)), service in a combat zone and occupational categories. We also explored differences in self-reported exposures by sex and race.ResultsAgent Orange exposure was mainly reported by Vietnam-era Veterans. Gulf War and OEF/OIF Veterans deployed to a combat zone were more likely to report exposures to burn pits, chemical/biological weapons, anthrax vaccination and pyridostigmine bromide pill intake as compared with non-combat deployers and those not deployed. Occupational categories related to combat (infantry, combat engineer and helicopter pilot) often had the highest percentages of self-reported exposures, whereas those in healthcare-related occupations (dentists, physicians and occupational therapists) tended to report exposures much less often. Self-reported exposures also varied by race and sex.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that the distribution of self-reported exposures varied by service era, demographics, deployment, combat experience and military occupation in MVP. Overall, the pattern of findings was consistent with previous population-based studies of US military Veterans.

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A Clinician’s Guide to Occupational Exposures in the Military

Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

An Assessment of the Ocular Toxicity of Two Major Sources of Environmental Exposure

An Assessment of the Ocular Toxicity of Two Major Sources of Environmental Exposure

Military and occupational exposures among Veterans in the Million Veteran Program by survey self-report: a descriptive study

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