A clinicomycological study of dermatophytic infection in a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Dermatophytosis is a mycotic infection of the hair, skin or nails. Although dermatophytic infection doesn't cause mortality, it can lead to morbidity and result in a major public health issue usually in tropical countries like India, because of the supporting climatic conditions like high temperature and air moisture. The present study was undertaken to know the clinical status of dermatophytic infection and to isolate and identify the species commonly seen in our area. Materials and Methods: A total of 166 clinically suspected cases of dermatophytosis sent for department of Microbiology were studied over a period of one year. KOH for microscopy and culture on Sabouraud's dextrose agar slopes was done. Species identification was done by studying growth morphology, slide culture and biochemical tests like urease test. Results: Among 166 patients, the dermatophytosis was more common among the age group of 21-30 years. Males (55.5%) were more affected than females (44.5%). The most common clinical type was tinea corporis (36.2%) followed by tinea incognito (10.3%). Out of 166 patients, 125 cases (75.3%) were positive for fungi by KOH and 118 cases (71.1%) showed growth in culture.Trichophyton spp are predominantly isolated (88%). Conclusion:The prevalence of dermatophytosis usually differ with respect to various geographical locations. India due to high humidity and temperature acts as a rich ground for the heavy growth of dermatophytes. Idea regarding the fungal infections prevalent in the particular region is important to know the burden of infection and its course of infection. This helps to plan for the proper infrastructure required for various epidemiological and laboratory studies, and further to evaluate interventions required for treatment.