A Close Relationship between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Marker and New-Onset Hypertension in Healthy Korean Adults

Roh, Jae‐Hyung; Park, Jae‐Hyeong; Lee, Hanbyul; Yoon, Yong Hoon; Kim, Min Su; Kim, Yong Giun; Park, Gyung Min; Lee, Jae‐Hwan; Seong, In Whan

doi:10.4070/kcj.2019.0379

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, it is still unclear if management of hypertension would reduce HCC risk. Some prospective cohort studies including subjects with different clinical conditions showed that NAFLD was an independent risk factor for hypertension [45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. A prospective cohort study including 11,350 subjects without prehypertension in 5 years follow-up showed that NAFLD was an independent risk factor of prehypertension, because the severity of NAFLD was positively associated with the risk of prehypertension [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): literature evidence and systems biology analysis

Yan

Wang

et al. 2021

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a major public health issue as its progression increases risks of multisystem morbidity and mortality. Recent evidence indicates a more complex relationship between hypertension and NAFLD than previously thought. In this study, a comprehensive literature search was used to gather information supporting the comorbidity phenomenon of hypertension and NAFLD. Then, systems biology approach was applied to identify the potential genes and mechanisms simultaneously associated with hypertension and NAFLD. With the help of protein-protein interaction network-based algorithm, we found that the distance between hypertension and NAFLD was much less than random ones. Sixty-four shared genes of hypertension and NAFLD modules were identified as core genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated that some inflammatory, metabolic and endocrine signals were related to the potential biological functions of core genes. More importantly, drugs used to treat cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, inflammatory diseases and depression could be potential therapeutics against hypertension-NAFLD cooccurrence. After analyzing public OMICs data, ALDH1A1 was identified as a potential therapeutic target, without being affected by reverse causality. These findings give a clue for the potential mechanisms of comorbidity of hypertension and NAFLD and highlight the multiple targettherapeutic strategy of NAFLD for future clinical research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): literature evidence and systems biology analysis

Yan

Wang

et al. 2021

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“…To the best of our knowledge, there have been only 3 studies on the association between FLI level and development of hypertension. 21 , 22 , 23 Logistic regression analyses using 1521 subjects (men/women: 484/1037) in an average follow‐up period of 2.6 years in Korea 21 and 2565 subjects (men/women: 1138/1427) in a follow‐up period of 9 years in France 22 showed that odds ratios for the development of hypertension were higher in the high FLI group than in the low FLI group, although the cumulative incidence of hypertension was not analyzed in those studies. A longitudinal study using 334 280 Korean subjects (men/women: 161 338/172 942) also showed that there was an association between FLI level and the risk of cumulative incidence of hypertension during a median follow‐up period of 5.2 years.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A longitudinal study using 334 280 Korean subjects (men/women: 161 338/172 942) also showed that there was an association between FLI level and the risk of cumulative incidence of hypertension during a median follow‐up period of 5.2 years. 23 However, despite the fact that there is a sex difference in the level of FLI, 16 there has been no study in which the relationship between FLI level and development of hypertension was investigated separately in men and women. 21 , 22 , 23 …”

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Elevated Fatty Liver Index Is Independently Associated With New Onset of Hypertension During a 10‐Year Period in Both Male and Female Subjects

Higashiura

Furuhashi

Tanaka

et al. 2021

JAHA

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Background Fatty liver index (FLI), a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, has been reported to be associated with several metabolic disorders. Because of a sex difference in FLI level, we hypothesized that FLI is associated with development of hypertension to a greater extent in men or women. Methods and Results We investigated the relationship between FLI and development of hypertension during a 10‐year period in a general population of subjects who received annual health examinations (n=28 990). After exclusion (44.9%) of subjects with missing data and those with hypertension at baseline, a total of 15 965 subjects (men/women: 9466/6499) were included. FLI level was significantly higher in men than in women. During the 10‐year period, 2304 men (24.3%) and 745 women (11.5%) had new onset of hypertension. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that the hazard ratios (HRs) for development of hypertension after adjustment of age, systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, habits of smoking and alcohol drinking, family history of hypertension, and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia increased gradually with increase in FLI in men and increased rapidly and then slowly with increase in FLI in women. There was a significant interaction between FLI and sex for the risk of hypertension in all of the subjects ( P =0.049). The addition of FLI to traditional risk factors significantly improved the discriminatory capability. Conclusions A high level of FLI predicts the development of hypertension in both men and women, although distribution patterns of HRs were different between sexes.

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“…In this issue, the probable association between NAFLD/NASH and hypertension was presented in general population using national health check-up data. 9) Fatty liver index (FLI) was used as a surrogate marker of NAFLD/NASH, in which FLI was calculated with the formula including triglyceride, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), waist circumference and body mass index. The authors concluded that higher FLI was associated with the increased risk of newly developed hypertension after 2 years.…”

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Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Cardio-metabolic Syndrome and Hypertension: One Concept Fits Multi-systemic Presentations

Kim

2020

Korean Circ J

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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition in which several interrelated risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) co-exist. Clinically, MetS can be diagnosed if at least 3 of the following conditions are present: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood glucose, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein. 1) Excessive adiposity, insulin resistance, dysglycemia, hypertension and CVD have been traditionally treated as a separate disease. However, the association beween such diseases can be reasonably explained within the concept of MetS. 2) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH) is a hepatic manifestation of MetS. 3) In worldwide pandemic of obesity and T2DM, NAFLD/ NASH affects over 25% of general population including 10% of American children. 4) It has emerged as a major cause of chronic liver disease and now the second leading indication for liver transplantation in the United States. 5) Among the adiposity-based chronic organ dysfunctions, ectopic fat infiltration of the liver has particular significance because it is closely associated with increased CVD. 6) In the setting of obesity-related MetS, hepatic production of triglyceride and glucose is increased and hepatic clearance of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is decreased. The East Asian ethnicity appears to be particularly vulnerable to obesity-related metabolic derangement and CVD. 7)8) In this issue, the probable association between NAFLD/NASH and hypertension was presented in general population using national health checkup data. 9) Fatty liver index (FLI) was used as a surrogate marker of NAFLD/NASH, in which FLI was calculated with the formula including triglyceride, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), waist circumference and body mass index. The authors concluded that higher FLI was associated with the increased risk of newly developed hypertension after 2 years. In detail, individuals with pre-existing hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and on lipid-lowering medications at baseline were excluded. The endpoint of study was a diagnosis of hypertension at a later health checkup. In the higher FLI quartile, the percentage of male, systolic blood pressure, current smoker rate, and the amount of alcoholic consumption were significantly higher. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and GGT were also significantly higher.

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A Close Relationship between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Marker and New-Onset Hypertension in Healthy Korean Adults

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

The association between hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): literature evidence and systems biology analysis

The association between hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): literature evidence and systems biology analysis

Elevated Fatty Liver Index Is Independently Associated With New Onset of Hypertension During a 10‐Year Period in Both Male and Female Subjects

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Cardio-metabolic Syndrome and Hypertension: One Concept Fits Multi-systemic Presentations

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