A closed-form solution for lateral indentation of pressurized pipes resting on a flexible bed

Quasi-Static Indentation Behavior of GFRP With Milled Glass Fiber Filler Monitored by Acoustic Emission

“…The parameters, such as peak load or ultimate load, incident energy, absorbed energy, elastic energy and residual depth, were determined in order to quantify the local damage in the composite materials during quasi-static indentation tests [12,13]. Arabzadeh and Zeinoiddini [14] studied quasi-static indentation response of flexibly supported pressurized pipes, suggesting a closed-form relationship between indentation force and dent depth by considering different boundary conditions, such as internal pressure soil stiffness and embedment between soil and pipe into their modeling. They observed that the influence of the surrounding soil was prominent when the fluid pressure inside the pipe is very low.…”

Safe burst strength of a pipeline with dent–crack defect: Effect of crack depth and operating pressure

“…The ability of the pipeline to sustain the concentrated loading and transform it into plastic deformation is of particular interest for safeguarding their structural integrity against such loading [1,7,8]. Formation of a dent results in localized stress and strain concentrations in the pipe wall which can lead to a leak or a rupture causing loss of containment, damage to environment, and threat to the safety of habitants living nearby, and also interruption in oil and gas supply, and a loss in the pipeline industry's revenue.…”