A Cluster Randomized Trial to Evaluate Physician/Pharmacist Collaboration to Improve Blood Pressure Control

Carter, Barry L.; Bergus, George; Dawson, Jeffrey D.; Farris, Karen B.; Doucette, William R.; Chrischilles, Elizabeth A.; Hartz, Arthur J.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-7176.2008.07434.x

Cited by 190 publications

(310 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…1 Health care providers now consider collaboration and teamwork to be an important component of professionalism 2 leading to greater patient safety 1 and better patient outcomes. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Physician-pharmacist collaboration results in improved patient self-care skills, fewer drug interactions 10,11 and medication errors, 12 and more cost-effective use of medication, 13 all of which lead to more effective drug therapy and better patient outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of an Instrument to Measure Pharmacy and Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration

Winkle

Fjortoft

Hojat

2011

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

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Objectives. To assess the validity and reliability of an instrument to measure pharmacy students' attitudes toward physician-pharmacist collaboration, and compare those attitudes to the attitudes of medical students. Methods. One hundred sixty-six first-year pharmacy students and 77 first-year medical students at Midwestern University completed the Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration.Results. Findings confirmed the validity and reliability of the Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration in pharmacy students, as observed previously for medical students. Pharmacy students' mean score was significantly higher (56.6 6 7.2) than that of medical students (52.0 6 6.1). Maximum likelihood factoring confirmed the 3-factor solution of responsibility and accountability, shared authority, and interdisciplinary education for pharmacy students. Conclusions. The Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration can be used for the assessment of interdisciplinary educational programs, for patient outcome assessment of interprofessional collaboration, and for group comparisons. Findings that pharmacy students expressed more positive attitudes toward collaboration than medical students have implications for interdisciplinary education.Keywords: interprofessional collaboration, interprofessional education, health professions students, reliability, validity, psychometrics, attitudes INTRODUCTIONInterprofessional collaboration in patient care among US health care professionals began in World War II when medical, surgical, and nursing teams worked together to treat injured soldiers. 1 Health care providers now consider collaboration and teamwork to be an important component of professionalism 2 leading to greater patient safety 1 and better patient outcomes. 3-9 Physician-pharmacist collaboration results in improved patient self-care skills, fewer drug interactions 10,11 and medication errors, 12 and more cost-effective use of medication, 13 all of which lead to more effective drug therapy and better patient outcomes.Interdisciplinary education in medical and pharmacy colleges and schools is designed to enhance the skills that physicians and pharmacists will need to function in interprofessional health care teams. 14 These educational efforts are to ensure that all health care practitioners effectively use their specialized training and expertise to optimize patient care and improve therapeutic outcomes. For example, medical and pharmacy students at Midwestern University are taught together in several basic science and communications courses and in an introductory course entitled Health Care Issues. A collaborative relationship between pharmacists and physicians is needed more than ever because of the rapid advancements in medical and pharmaceutical sciences, occurrence of complex drug interactions, increased costs of drug-related morbidity, greater possibility of medical errors, and rapidly rising health care costs. Schellens and colleagues stated: "In view of its increasing co...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of an Instrument to Measure Pharmacy and Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration

Winkle

Fjortoft

Hojat

2011

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

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“…Teamwork and collaboration among health care providers is regarded as one important ingredient of professionalism (Veloski & Hojat 2006) which can lead to the improvement of patient safety and optimal patient outcomes (Fagin 1992;Poulton & West 1993;Clemmer et al 1998;Papa 1998;Kiel & McCord 2005;Carter et al 2008;Nkansah et al 2008). Collaborative relationships between physicians and pharmacists can be reflected in conferring patients' drug therapy, coordinating to improve patients' selfcare skills, providing information about drug interactions (McDonough & Doucette 2001;Brock & Doucette 2004), reducing medication errors (Sweeney 2002) and cost-effective use of medication (Davies et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometrics of the scale of attitudes toward physician–pharmacist collaboration: A study with medical students

et al. 2012

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Background: Despite the emphasis placed on interdisciplinary education and interprofessional collaboration between physicians and pharmacologists, no psychometrically sound instrument is available to measure attitudes toward collaborative relationships. Aim: This study was designed to examine psychometrics of an instrument for measuring attitudes toward physician-pharmacist collaborative relationships for administration to students in medical and pharmacy schools and to physicians and pharmacists. Methods: The Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration was completed by 210 students at Jefferson Medical College. Factor analysis and correlational methods were used to examine psychometrics of the instrument. Results: Consistent with the conceptual framework of interprofessional collaboration, three underlying constructs, namely ''responsibility and accountability;'' ''shared authority;'' and ''interdisciplinary education'' emerged from the factor analysis of the instrument providing support for its construct validity. The reliability coefficient alpha for the instrument was 0.90. The instrument's criterion-related validity coefficient with scores of a validated instrument (Jefferson Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Nurse Collaboration) was 0.70. Conclusions: Findings provide support for the validity and reliability of the instrument for medical students. The instrument has the potential to be used for the evaluation of interdisciplinary education in medical and pharmacy schools, and for the evaluation of patient outcomes resulting from collaborative physician-pharmacist relationships.

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“…There are examples of SAS and Pharmacy Practice faculty, including those in non-tenure track positions, who have published important T2 research. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] Some of these studies have become some of the most highly cited in the medical literature in recent years. 30,34 This small cadre of excellent T2 researchers in Pharmacy Practice are the exception, not the rule.…”

Section: The Impact Of Social and Administrative Sciences And Pharmacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Report of the AACP Educating Clinical Scientists Task Force II

Carter¹,

Blouin²,

Chewning³

et al. 2008

Am J Pharm Educ

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A Cluster Randomized Trial to Evaluate Physician/Pharmacist Collaboration to Improve Blood Pressure Control

Abstract: This was a prospective, cluster randomized controlled trial in patients with (adjusted odds ratio, 8.9; CI, p<.001

Cited by 190 publications

References 47 publications

Validation of an Instrument to Measure Pharmacy and Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration

Validation of an Instrument to Measure Pharmacy and Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration

Psychometrics of the scale of attitudes toward physician–pharmacist collaboration: A study with medical students

Report of the AACP Educating Clinical Scientists Task Force II

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