A clustering based routing algorithm in IoT aware Wireless Mesh Networks

Li, Jilong; Silva, Bhagya Nathali; Diyan, Muhammad; Cao, Zhigang; Han, Kijun

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2018.02.017

Cited by 67 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The Hot Spot problem is a situation in which some nodes in the network transfer high volume of data compared to others which cause network congestion. Generally, load balancing is a critical issue in IoT due to the massive scale, huge volume of data and mobility of IoT networks which can cause inefficiency, e.g., in [212] a technique is introduced to balance the load of the network to reduce interference among nodes 1 . Existing solutions and techniques include:…”

Section: B Load Balancingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey and Future Directions on Clustering: From WSNs to IoT and Modern Networking Paradigms

Shahraki

Taherkordi

Haugen

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manage.

120

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Many Internet of Things (IoT) networks are created as an overlay over traditional ad-hoc networks such as Zigbee. Moreover, IoT networks can resemble ad-hoc networks over networks that support device-to-device (D2D) communication, e.g., D2D-enabled cellular networks and WiFi-Direct. In these ad-hoc types of IoT networks, efficient topology management is a crucial requirement, and in particular in massive scale deployments. Traditionally, clustering has been recognized as a common approach for topology management in ad-hoc networks, e.g., in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Topology management in WSNs and ad-hoc IoT networks has many design commonalities as both need to transfer data to the destination hop by hop. Thus, WSN clustering techniques can presumably be applied for topology management in ad-hoc IoT networks. This requires a comprehensive study on WSN clustering techniques and investigating their applicability to ad-hoc IoT networks. In this paper, we conduct a survey of this field based on the objectives for clustering, such as reducing energy consumption and load balancing, as well as the network properties relevant for efficient clustering in IoT, such as network heterogeneity and mobility. Beyond that, we investigate the advantages and challenges of clustering when IoT is integrated with modern computing and communication technologies such as Blockchain, Fog/Edge computing, and 5G. This survey provides useful insights into research on IoT clustering, allows broader understanding of its design challenges for IoT networks, and sheds light on its future applications in modern technologies integrated with IoT.

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Section: B Load Balancingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey and Future Directions on Clustering: From WSNs to IoT and Modern Networking Paradigms

Shahraki

Taherkordi

Haugen

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manage.

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this section, we present some of the prevalent one-hop and k-hop intra-clustering approaches designed for wireless networks ( Table 2 ). Many researchers have addressed the one-hop intra-clustering [ 5 , 40 , 41 , 42 ] in order to design an energy efficient network. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) [ 43 ] is one of the first and most well-known energy efficiency clustering algorithms in this field.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Distributed Multi-Hop Intra-Clustering Approach Based on Neighbors Two-Hop Connectivity for IoT Networks

Batta

Mabed

Aliouat

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Under a dense and large IoT network, a star topology where each device is directly connected to the Internet gateway may cause serious waste of energy and congestion issues. Grouping network devices into clusters provides a suitable architecture to reduce the energy consumption and allows an effective management of communication channels. Although several clustering approaches were proposed in the literature, most of them use the single-hop intra-clustering model. In a large network, the number of clusters increases and the energy draining remains almost the same as in un-clustered architecture. To solve the problem, several approaches use the k-hop intra-clustering to generate a reduced number of large clusters. However, k-hop proposed schemes are, generally, centralized and only assume the node direct neighbors information which lack of robustness. In this regard, the present work proposes a distributed approach for the k-hop intra-clustering called Distributed Clustering based 2-Hop Connectivity (DC2HC). The algorithm uses the two-hop neighbors connectivity to elect the appropriate set of cluster heads and strengthen the clusters connectivity. The objective is to optimize the set of representative cluster heads to minimize the number of long range communication channels and expand the network lifetime. The paper provides the convergence proof of the proposed solution. Simulation results show that our proposed protocol outperforms similar approaches available in the literature by reducing the number of generated cluster heads and achieving longer network lifetime.

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“…Sensor nodes have different sensing capability and EL constraint. There are several challenges to IoT-based technology and WSN, in which the most burning and important is the energy consumption and maintenance during communication as mentioned in Li et al 52 Therefore, this research highly focuses on reducing the number of control P kts during network communication.…”

Section: Proposed System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trust-based energy-efficient routing protocol for Internet of things–based sensor networks

Ilyas

Ullah

Khan

et al. 2020

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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Internet of things grew swiftly and many services, software, sensors-embedded electronic devices and related protocols were developed and still in progress with full swing. Internet of things enabling physically existing things to see, hear, think and perform a notable task by allowing them to talk to each other and share useful information while making decision and caring-on/out their important tasks. Internet of things is greatly promoted by wireless sensor network as it becomes a perpetual layer for it. Wireless sensor network works as a base-stone for most of the Internet of things applications. There are severe general and specific threats and technical challenges to Internet of things–based sensor networks which must overcome to ensure adaptation and diffusion of it. Most of the limitations of wireless sensor networks are due to its resource constraint objects nature. The specified open research challenges in Internet of things–based sensor network are power consumption, network lifespan, network throughput, routing and network security. To overcome aforementioned problems, this work aimed to prolong network lifetime, improve throughput, decrease packet latency/packet loss and further improvise in encountering malicious nodes. To further tune the network lifetime in terms of energy, wireless harvesting energy is suggested in proposed three-layer cluster-based wireless sensor network routing protocol. The proposed mechanism is a three-tier clustering technique with implanted security mechanism to encounter malicious activities of sensor nodes and to slant them into blacklist. It is a centred-based clustering protocol, where selection of cluster head and grid head is carried out by sink node based on the value of its cost function. Moreover, hardware-based link quality estimators are used to check link effectiveness and to further improve routing efficiency. At the end, excessive experiments have been carried out to check efficacy of the proposed protocol. It outperforms most of its counterpart protocols such as fuzzy logic–based unequal clustering and ant colony optimization–based routing hybrid, Artificial Bee Colony-SD, enhanced three-layer hybrid clustering mechanism and energy aware multi-hop routing in terms of network lifetime, network throughput, average energy consumption and packet latency.

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A clustering based routing algorithm in IoT aware Wireless Mesh Networks

Cited by 67 publications

References 10 publications

A Survey and Future Directions on Clustering: From WSNs to IoT and Modern Networking Paradigms

A Survey and Future Directions on Clustering: From WSNs to IoT and Modern Networking Paradigms

A Distributed Multi-Hop Intra-Clustering Approach Based on Neighbors Two-Hop Connectivity for IoT Networks

Trust-based energy-efficient routing protocol for Internet of things–based sensor networks

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