A CMOS Multi-Phase Injection-Locked Frequency Divider for V-Band Operation

Analysis of Injection-Locked Regenerative Frequency Dividers

“…As a result, the stable region of operation of the injection-locked regenerative frequency divider is determined by the locking range of the oscillator. In order to super-harmonic injection-lock an oscillator to one of the oscillator's even harmonics, the injection signal must be applied to a common-mode node [13]. For instance, in the two-stage ring-oscillator of Fig.…”

“…If V inj (t) is applied to the gate of transistor MT 1 of Fig. 4.2b, the component of injection current (I inj (t)) at frequency [P/(R P ± 1/N )] f in that reaches the oscillator output can be found using an approach similar to [13], i.e.,…”

Fast hopping carrier generation for 14-band multi-band OFDM UWB in digital CMOS

“…This scheme avoids any I/Q amplitude or phase mismatch induced due to routing, compared to the case when only one frequency divider is used. These front-end frequency dividers are implemented using a ring-oscillator-based ILFD [6]. ILFD's are used since the ILFD's operate at higher frequencies compared to static frequency dividers.…”

A 110GHz inductor-less CMOS frequency divider

“…TUNING MECHANISM OF RILFD Generally, ILFDs have been designed with two kinds of VCOs such as an LC-type [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] and a ring-type oscillator [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. To inject an input signal to the oscillator, direct and tail injection methods are used.…”