A Coded Excitation Framework for High SNR Transcranial Ultrasound Imaging

Vienneau, Emelina; Byram, Brett

doi:10.1109/tmi.2023.3269022

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These adjustments decrease temporal as well as spatial resolution and further studies are necessary to fully understand the limits of our method. Technical improvements like coded excitation might be able to increase SNR without sacrificing resolution in the future 69,70 . The high increase in CBV in NHPs were in contrast to our results in rodents, but are within the range of what others have reported with visual stimulation or in task-related behavioral paradigms 34,35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial Functional Ultrasound Imaging Detects Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation Induced Hemodynamic Changes in Mouse and Nonhuman Primate BrainsIn Vivo

Aurup,

Bendig,

Blackman

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Focused ultrasound (FUS) is an emerging noinvasive technique for neuromodulation in the central nervous system (CNS). To evaluate the effects of FUS-induced neuromodulation, many studies used behavioral changes, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or electroencephalography (EEG). However, behavioral readouts are often not easily mapped to specific brain activity, EEG has low spatial resolution limited to the surface of the brain and fMRI requires a large importable scanner that limits additional readouts and manipulations. In this context, functional ultrasound imaging (fUSI) holds promise to directly monitor the effects of FUS neuromodulation with high spatiotemporal resolution in a large field of view, with a comparatively simple and flexible setup. fUSI uses ultrafast Power Doppler Imaging (PDI) to measure changes in cerebral blood volume, which correlates well with neuronal activity and local field potentials. We designed a setup that aligns a FUS transducer with a linear array to allow immediate subsequent monitoring of the hemodynamic response with fUSI during and after FUS neuromodulation. We established a positive correlation between FUS pressure and the size of the activated area, as well as changes in cerebral blood volume (CBV) and found that unilateral sonications produce bilateral hemodynamic changes with ipsilateral accentuation in mice. We further demonstrated the ability to perform fully noninvasive, transcranial FUS-fUSI in nonhuman primates for the first time by using a lower-frequency transducer configuration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial Functional Ultrasound Imaging Detects Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation Induced Hemodynamic Changes in Mouse and Nonhuman Primate BrainsIn Vivo

Aurup,

Bendig,

Blackman

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Emelina P. Vienneau et al proposed an encoded excitation framework to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of transcranial ultrasound imaging without affecting the frame rate [34]. Their research showed that using a 65 bit encoding, in experimental transcranial scans on adults, the SNR gain could reach 17.91 ± 0.96 dB.…”

Section: Phased Array Ultrasound Imaging Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coded Excitation for Ultrasonic Testing: A Review

Weng,

Gu,

Jin

2024

Sensors

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Originating in the early 20th century, ultrasonic testing has found increasingly extensive applications in medicine, industry, and materials science. Achieving both a high signal-to-noise ratio and high efficiency is crucial in ultrasonic testing. The former means an increase in imaging clarity as well as the detection depth, while the latter facilitates a faster refresh of the image. It is difficult to balance these two indicators with a conventional short pulse to excite the probe, so in general handling methods, these two factors have a trade-off. To solve the above problems, coded excitation (CE) can increase the pulse duration and offers great potential to improve the signal-to-noise ratio with equivalent or even higher efficiency. In this paper, we first review the fundamentals of CE, including signal modulation, signal transmission, signal reception, pulse compression, and optimization methods. Then, we introduce the application of CE in different areas of ultrasonic testing, with a focus on industrial bulk wave single-probe detection, industrial guided wave detection, industrial bulk wave phased array detection, and medical phased array imaging. Finally, we point out the advantages as well as a few future directions of CE.

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