A cognitive behavioural model of the bidirectional relationship between disordered eating and diabetes self care in adult men with Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

AimsThis qualitative study aimed to develop the first cognitive behavioural (CBT) model outlining the development and maintenance of disordered eating in adult men living with Type 1 diabetes to improve on previous theoretical models of Type 1 diabetes and disordered eating and to draw comparisons to women with Type 1 diabetes and disordered eating.MethodsTwenty‐seven men (n = 16 with Type 1 diabetes and disordered eating, n = 11 with Type 1 diabetes without disordered eating) participated in semi‐structured interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis and individual CBT formulations were developed for each participant to inform the model.ResultsMen with Type 1 diabetes and disordered eating experience negative thoughts about food, insulin, weight/shape and diabetes itself, which cause negative emotions such as fear and vulnerability and difficulties with diabetes self care such as problems with hyper and hypoglycaemia and problems accessing structured education and technology result in men feeling more dissatisfied about their body weight/shape.ConclusionsThis CBT model of disordered eating in men with Type 1 diabetes can guide new interventions.

Adiposity in Chinese people with type 1 diabetes

“…Weight loss efforts may evoke memories of poor glucose control and fear of acute complications of type 1 diabetes, most of which could be unwarranted. Cognitive interviews and associated personalized interventions have proven beneficial[ 15 ], relying on long-term follow-up by qualified multidisciplinary teams, which may be scarce in developing countries like China. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivational in-terviewing aid individuals with type 1 diabetes in addressing and modifying underlying psychological and behavioral factors contributing to adiposity[ 16 , 17 ].…”