A coincidence detection system based on real-time software

Abstract

Abstract. Conventional real-time coincidence systems use electronic circuitry to detect coincident pulses (hardware coincidence). In this work, a new concept of coincidence system based on real-time software (software coincidence) is presented. This system is based on the recurrent supervision of the analogue-to-digital converters status, which is described in detail. A prototype has been designed and built using a low-cost development platform. It has been applied to two different experimental sets for cosmic ray muon detection. Experimental muon measurements recorded simultaneously using conventional hardware coincidence and our software coincidence system have been compared, yielding identical results. These measurements have also been validated using simultaneous neutron monitor observations. This new software coincidence system provides remarkable advantages such as higher simplicity of interconnection and adjusting. Thus, our system replaces, at least, three Nuclear Instrument Modules (NIMs) required by conventional coincidence systems, reducing its cost by a factor of 40 and eliminating pulse delay adjustments.

MITO: a new directional muon telescope

“…In order to obtain a faster temporal response, software coincidence (Ayuso et al, 2016) is not implemented, but hardware coincidence. Each coincidence detector is basically an AND gate, which allows the adjustment of a coincidence resolving time window per channel.…”

“…Regarding the techniques used for the detection of coincidences in most of multidirectional telescopes, both hardware and software approaches (Ayuso et al, 2016) are widely used with different purposes such as reducing noise; getting directional information (Karapetyan et al, 2013); reducing the probability of a measurement being triggered by independent, unrelated particles; lessening the probability of independent random background events or identifying energetic particles in multi-element particle telescopes (Müller-Mellin et al, 1995).…”

Interactive comment on “The development and test research of multi-channel Synchronous transient electromagnetic receiver”

“…In field testing, a hollow coil with 400 turns and a diameter of 50 cm was used as the receiving sensor (Brunke et al, 2017), and its effective area is 40 m 2 . Phoenix T-4 transmitter is a small power transmitter, which is manufactured by Phoenix.…”

“…Meanwhile, the TEM detection theories have also been developed (Wright, 2004). In 2010, the internationally renowned geophysicist Zhdanov proposed the following directions for future electromagnetic exploration instruments and methods at the 75th Annual Conference of Geophysics: multicomponent emission, multichannel reception and pseudo-seismic data collection (Qi et al, 2015;Ayuso et al, 2016). Xue Guoqiang proposed the short offset transient electromagnetic method (SOTEM) (Xue et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2016Chen et al, , 2017, and the reduction in transceiver distance can both greatly enhance the exploration depth and improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).…”

The development and test research of a multichannel synchronous transient electromagnetic receiver

“…Meanwhile, the TEM detection theories have also been developed (Wright, 2004). In 2010, the internationally renowned geophysicist Zhdanov proposed the following directions for future electromagnetic exploration instruments and methods at the 75th Annual Conference of Geophysics: multicomponent emission, multichannel reception and pseudo-seismic data collection (Qi et al, 2015;Ayuso et al, 2016). Xue Guoqiang proposed the short offset transient electromagnetic method (SOTEM) (Xue et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2016Chen et al, , 2017, and the reduction in transceiver distance can both greatly enhance the exploration depth and improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).…”