A Combination of (ω–3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Polyphenols and &lt;i&gt;L&lt;/i&gt;-Carnitine Reduces the Plasma Lipid Levels and Increases the Expression of Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and HepG2 Cells

Radler, Ulla; Stangl, Herbert; Lechner, Sigrid; Lienbacher, Gerhard; Krepp, Rainer; Zeller, Eduard; Brachinger, Martin; Eller-Berndl, Doris; Fischer, Andréas; Anzur, Christian; Schoerg, Gerhard; Mascher, Daniel; Laschan, Claudia; Anderwald, Christian; Lohninger, Alfred

doi:10.1159/000327150

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Other natural compounds such as polyphenols have been described as ligands of PPAR-a (29,30). Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol found in grapes, peanuts, and berries, and some of its derivatives and analogs, activate PPAR-a, resulting in brain protection against stroke (31)(32)(33); for instance, the derivate compound phosphate 15 has a potency higher than that of the drug ciprofibrate (33).…”

Section: Natural and Synthetic Ppar-a Ligandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PPAR-α as a Key Nutritional and Environmental Sensor for Metabolic Adaptation

Contreras¹,

Torres²,

Tovar³

2013

Advances in Nutrition

194

148

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors that belong to the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors and regulate the expression of several genes involved in metabolic processes that are potentially linked to the development of some diseases such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity. One type of PPAR, PPAR-α, is a transcription factor that regulates the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids and is activated by ligands such as polyunsaturated fatty acids and drugs used to treat dyslipidemias. There is evidence that genetic variants within the PPARα gene have been associated with a risk of the development of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease by influencing fasting and postprandial lipid concentrations; the gene variants have also been associated with an acceleration of the progression of type 2 diabetes. The interactions between genetic PPARα variants and the response to dietary factors will help to identify individuals or populations who can benefit from specific dietary recommendations. Interestingly, certain nutritional conditions, such as the prolonged consumption of a protein-restricted diet, can produce long-lasting effects on PPARα gene expression through modifications in the methylation of a specific locus surrounding the PPARα gene. Thus, this review underlines our current knowledge about the important role of PPAR-α as a mediator of the metabolic response to nutritional and environmental factors.

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Section: Natural and Synthetic Ppar-a Ligandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PPAR-α as a Key Nutritional and Environmental Sensor for Metabolic Adaptation

Contreras¹,

Torres²,

Tovar³

2013

Advances in Nutrition

194

148

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“…In a placebo-controlled double blind study with 22 moderately hyperlipidemic obese humans consuming low-fat yogurt enriched with a combination of low-dose PUFAs from fish oil (100 mg n-3 fatty acids), polyphenols and L-carnitine (PPC) twice a day for 12 weeks, the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism were compared with 20 matching participants ingesting low-fat yogurt [23]. The level of plasma free fatty acids and triglycerides were significantly reduced in the PPC group.…”

Section: Fish Oil Intervention Studies and Targeted Gene Expression Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The level of plasma free fatty acids and triglycerides were significantly reduced in the PPC group. In addition, the PBMC gene expression of PPARα, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, CPT1A, and CPT1B, carnitine acetyl-transferase (CrAT) and organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2) was significantly increased in the PPC group [23]. No change was seen in the control group [23].…”

Section: Fish Oil Intervention Studies and Targeted Gene Expression Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the PBMC gene expression of PPARα, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, CPT1A, and CPT1B, carnitine acetyl-transferase (CrAT) and organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2) was significantly increased in the PPC group [23]. No change was seen in the control group [23]. This study showed that a reduction in plasma free fatty acids and triglycerides coincided with increased PBMC mRNA expression level of genes encoding proteins involved in fatty acid oxidation among subjects consuming PCC.…”

Section: Fish Oil Intervention Studies and Targeted Gene Expression Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marine n-3 Fatty Acids and Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Ulven

Myhrstad

Holven

2014

Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep

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Intake of marine n-3 fatty acids has been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. Gene expression analyses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are used to understand the underlying mechanisms of action of marine n-3 fatty acids. The aim of this review was to summarize the effects mediated by marine n-3 fatty acids on gene expression in PBMCs. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed in May 2014 and 14 papers were included. Targeted gene expression studies were reported in 9 papers and focused on genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation. Whole genome transcriptome analyses were conducted in 5 papers, and processes and pathways related to atherosclerotic plaque formation such as inflammation, oxidative stress response, cell cycle, cell adhesion, and apoptosis were modulated after fish oil supplementation. PBMC gene expression profiling has a potential to clarify further the molecular effects of fish oil consumption on human health.

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“…Future studies should estimate the in vivo triglyceride-lowering effect of octopus extract in the liver. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, polyphenol, and l-carnitine are known to upregulate the expression of a rate-limiting enzyme in the β-oxidation process in HepG2 cells, leading to a decrease in the plasma lipid concentration [16][17][18]. Taurine and fish oil decreased the white adipose tissue weight in type 2 diabetic mice through the inhibition of fatty acid synthesis and promotion of β-oxidation in the liver [19].…”

Section: Mrna Expression Of Genes Associated With Fatty Acid Synthesimentioning

confidence: 99%

Octopus (<i>Enterocopus dofleini</i>) Liver Extract Displays Triglyceride-Lowering Effect in HepG2 Cells

Hasegawa¹,

Hori²

2017

AFF

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Abstract:Fatty liver disease is characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides and other fats in the liver cells and is believed to be a risk of later chronic liver disease. Diet is one of the key ways to treat fatty liver disease. Octopus (Enterocopus dofleini) liver is eaten in some regions in Japan, but mostly discarded. For utilization of octopus liver, the lipidlowering effect of octopus (Enterocopus dofleini) liver extract was investigated using human hepatoma cells (HepG2 cells). The present study showed that the octopus liver extract reduced the triglyceride content, but not cholesterol content, in HepG2 cells. Treatment with the octopus liver extract increased the mRNA expression of genes for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), and acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) associated with β-oxidation. On the contrary, the extract did not change the mRNA expression of genes for sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)-1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ involved in fatty acid synthesis. These results suggest that octopus liver extract may decrease the triglyceride level in HepG2 cells by promoting β-oxidation, suggestive of its usefulness as a food for lowering triglycerides in liver.

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A Combination of (ω–3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Polyphenols and <i>L</i>-Carnitine Reduces the Plasma Lipid Levels and Increases the Expression of Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and HepG2 Cells

Cited by 34 publications

References 67 publications

PPAR-α as a Key Nutritional and Environmental Sensor for Metabolic Adaptation

PPAR-α as a Key Nutritional and Environmental Sensor for Metabolic Adaptation

Marine n-3 Fatty Acids and Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Octopus (<i>Enterocopus dofleini</i>) Liver Extract Displays Triglyceride-Lowering Effect in HepG2 Cells

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A Combination of (ω–3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Polyphenols and <i>L</i>-Carnitine Reduces the Plasma Lipid Levels and Increases the Expression of Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and HepG2 Cells

Cited by 34 publications

References 67 publications

PPAR-α as a Key Nutritional and Environmental Sensor for Metabolic Adaptation

PPAR-α as a Key Nutritional and Environmental Sensor for Metabolic Adaptation

Marine n-3 Fatty Acids and Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Octopus (&lt;i&gt;Enterocopus dofleini&lt;/i&gt;) Liver Extract Displays Triglyceride-Lowering Effect in HepG2 Cells

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Product

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Octopus (<i>Enterocopus dofleini</i>) Liver Extract Displays Triglyceride-Lowering Effect in HepG2 Cells