A combined‐constraints‐based optimization methodology aimed at temperature balancing for radial layered encapsulation structure of bridge arm reactor

Abstract

Bridge arm reactor is widely used in voltage sourced converter based HVDC transmission projects, whose temperature distribution is the critical factor determining its operating life. However, the prevailing methods cannot effectively address the pending problem of excessive hot‐spot temperature. In this paper, a radial layered structure is proposed, and each encapsulation is layered according to the ‘Huke curve’, reducing the overall temperature rise and metal consumption of the reactor significantly. Further, a combined‐constraints‐based optimization (CCBO) methodology is proposed with combined advantages of the isothermal rise method and the equal resistance voltage method. A joint solution model for the electrothermal parameters of multiple encapsulations is established. The optimal parameters combination is obtained through iterations, and the temperature rise distribution tends to be balanced. The calculation example for an 800‐kV bridge arm reactor with the radial layered structure shows that the hot spot temperature rise is 33.9% lower than that of the traditional structure, and the metal consumption decreases by 61.5%. Through the CCBO methodology, the temperature difference among encapsulations reduces by 12.5% in comparison with the isothermal rise method. From this work, encapsulations’ temperature rise distribution and their metal consumption become balanced and less, which will improve the reactors’ operation reliability.

Loss calculation and fluid-thermal field-coupled analysis of bridge arm reactor

“…Its technical reliability is the key factor for successful realization of DC transmission. Bridge arm reactors are subjected to high AC-DC compound currents of comparable current amplitude in normal operation, which will result in different distribution of losses and temperature rise in the encapsulations [3]. As the transmission capacity of a flexible DC transmission system becomes larger, the balance of AC-DC current distribution characteristics becomes more difficult and non-negligible.…”

https://doi.org/10.18280/ijht.410412

“…Bridges, vital conduits connecting urban and rural locales, disparate regions, and even nations, have long been the subject of rigorous scrutiny in civil engineering, particularly concerning their structural safety and durability [1,2]. Yet, as the impact of pronounced climate shiftsmanifested through extreme temperature oscillations, elevated temperatures, and freezing-thawing cyclesbecomes ever more palpable, bridge infrastructures find themselves confronted by an intricate matrix of environmental stressors [3][4][5][6]. It has been noted that such climatic variabilities induce alterations in the mechanical attributes of materials, subsequently modulating the stressresponse and deformation characteristics of bridges [7,8].…”