A Combined Proteomics, Metabolomics and In Vivo Analysis Approach for the Characterization of Probiotics in Large-Scale Production

Abstract

The manufacturing processes of commercial probiotic strains may be affected in different ways in the attempt to optimize yield, costs, functionality, or stability, influencing gene expression, protein patterns, or metabolic output. Aim of this work is to compare different samples of a high concentration (450 billion bacteria) multispecies (8 strains) formulation produced at two different manufacturing sites, United States of America (US) and Italy (IT), by applying a combination of functional proteomics, metabolomics, and in vivo analyses. Several protein-profile differences were detected between IT- and US-made products, with Lactobacillus paracasei, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Bifidobacteria being the main affected probiotics/microorganisms. Performing proton nuclear magnetic spectroscopy (1H-NMR), some discrepancies in amino acid, lactate, betaine and sucrose concentrations were also reported between the two products. Finally, we investigated the health-promoting and antiaging effects of both products in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The integration of omics platforms with in vivo analysis has emerged as a powerful tool to assess manufacturing procedures.

Decrease in Salivary Serotonin in Response to Probiotic Supplementation With Saccharomyces boulardii in Healthy Volunteers Under Psychological Stress: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

“…The only problem it could have resulted is diminished statistical power with a potential for type II error due to decreased sample size. Lastly, the present findings should not be generalized beyond the examined probiotic strain of Sb CNCM I-1079 and even its current technological form (76,77).…”

Probiotic-educated Tregs are more potent than naïve Tregs for immune tolerance in stressed new-born mice

“…Probiotics have the capacity to not only induce large-scale changes in the host microbiota but also to modulate the global metabolic function of intestinal microbiome (Bianchi et al, 2020;Chung et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2018a;Liu et al, 2018b;Sanders et al, 2019). The intestinal microbiota controls host immune homeostasis by regulating the development of T cells and other immune cells (Hooper et al, 2012;Ximenez and Torres, 2017).…”

Leuconostoc mesenteroides Strains Isolated from Carrots Show Probiotic Features

“…To study whether L. mesenteroides C2 and C7 could stimulate nematodes' innate immunity, transcript levels were analyzed for pmk-1, skn-1, sod-3, daf-16 and hsf-1 genes, whose activation after probiotic feeding have been described [15,25]. Interestingly, in L. mesenteroides C2-and C7-fed nematodes, significantly increased expressions of pmk-1 and hsf-1 transcripts were observed, similarly to LGG (Figure 5).…”