A commitment for<i>life:</i>Decades of unraveling the molecular mechanisms behind seed dormancy and germination

Sajeev, Nikita; Koornneef, Maarten; Bentsink, Leónie

doi:10.1093/plcell/koad328

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…ABA inhibited germination and promoted dormancy, whereas GA broke dormancy and promoted germination. In the last few decades, the role of ABA and GA biosynthesis and signal transduction in controlling seed dormancy and germination has been extensively studied [40][41][42][43]. For example, in the Arabidopsis PEBP gene family, the MFT gene promotes seed germination and breaks seed dormancy by interacting with the GA and ABA signaling pathways [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Controlling Seed Dormancy in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Ai,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Genes

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Seed dormancy is a life adaptation trait exhibited by plants in response to environmental changes during their growth and development. The dormancy of commercial seeds is the key factor affecting seed quality. Eggplant seed dormancy is controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs), but reliable QTLs related to eggplant dormancy are still lacking. In this study, F2 populations obtained through the hybridization of paternally inbred lines with significant differences in dormancy were used to detect regulatory sites of dormancy in eggplant seeds. Three QTLs (dr1.1, dr2.1, and dr6.1) related to seed dormancy were detected on three chromosomes of eggplant using the QTL-Seq technique. By combining nonsynonymous sites within the candidate regions and gene functional annotation analysis, nine candidate genes were selected from three QTL candidate regions. According to the germination results on the eighth day, the male parent was not dormant, but the female parent was dormant. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the expression of nine candidate genes, and the Smechr0201082 gene showed roughly the same trend as that in the phenotypic data. We proposed Smechr0201082 as the potential key gene involved in regulating the dormancy of eggplant seeds. The results of seed experiments with different concentrations of gibberellin A3 (GA3) showed that, within a certain range, the higher the gibberellin concentration, the earlier the emergence and the higher the germination rate. However, higher concentrations of GA3 may have potential effects on eggplant seedlings. We suggest the use of GA3 at a concentration of 200–250 mg·L−1 to treat dormant seeds. This study provides a foundation for the further exploration of genes related to the regulation of seed dormancy and the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of eggplant seed dormancy and germination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Controlling Seed Dormancy in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Ai,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Genes

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“…Seed dispersal is a critical process for plant reproduction in natural environments [5]. In addition to providing protection, the seed coat plays a crucial role in producing protective metabolites and regulating nutrient transport to the embryo [26,27]. Seed physical dormancy occurs when the covering tissues of the seed impede water entry into the seed.…”

Section: Seed Dormancy Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Dormant and Germination Characteristics of Chinese Olive (Canarium album) Seeds

Xie,

Ye,

Liu

et al. 2024

Horticulturae

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This study aimed to determine the dormancy type of Chinese olive seeds and improve their germination rate. The water permeability and germination-inhibiting substances of Chinese olive seeds were assessed. Low-temperature stratification and soaking in a GA3 solution were implemented to measure the time lag, initial time, germination rate, and germination potential of the seeds. The findings revealed that the seed coat exhibited poor water permeability, which negatively influenced the germination rate. Additionally, Chinese olive seeds contained substances that inhibited germination. The duration of low-temperature stratification (at 4 ± 1 °C) gradually diminished the dormancy of Chinese olive seeds, resulting in early and rapid germination. The germination rate significantly increased, with the percentage of seed germination rising from 0% to 42.33% within 60 days of stratification. Furthermore, combining low-temperature stratification with different concentrations of GA3 notably enhanced the germination rate. The optimal concentrations of gibberellins for 40 and 60 days of stratification were determined to be 300 and 100 mg/L, respectively. These results indicate that Chinese olive seeds possess non-deep physiological dormancy.

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“…To date, McGinty et al [7,14] have provided the most complete theoretical framework for quinoa seed dormancy. Seed dormancy is an evolutionary adaptation that prevents seeds from germinating to survive natural catastrophes and ensures species survival [15] Primary dormancy includes physiological, morphological, and physical dormancy and is established during development, whereas secondary dormancy is established by environmental factors after primary dormancy is lost [16,17]. In terms of hormone signaling, if quinoa behaves like cereal behaves, like other cereal seeds, then dormancy is also regulated by ABA and GA [14,[18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preharvest Sprouting in Quinoa: A New Screening Method Adapted to Panicles and GWAS Components

Ocaña-Gallegos,

Liang,

McGinty

et al. 2024

Plants

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The introduction of quinoa into new growing regions and environments is of interest to farmers, consumers, and stakeholders around the world. Many plant breeding programs have already started to adapt quinoa to the environmental and agronomic conditions of their local fields. Formal quinoa breeding efforts in Washington State started in 2010, led by Professor Kevin Murphy out of Washington State University. Preharvest sprouting appeared as the primary obstacle to increased production in the coastal regions of the Pacific Northwest. Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is the undesirable sprouting of seeds that occurs before harvest, is triggered by rain or humid conditions, and is responsible for yield losses and lower nutrition in cereal grains. PHS has been extensively studied in wheat, barley, and rice, but there are limited reports for quinoa, partly because it has only recently emerged as a problem. This study aimed to better understand PHS in quinoa by adapting a PHS screening method commonly used in cereals. This involved carrying out panicle-wetting tests and developing a scoring scale specific for panicles to quantify sprouting. Assessment of the trait was performed in a diversity panel (N = 336), and the resulting phenotypes were used to create PHS tolerance rankings and undertake a GWAS analysis (n = 279). Our findings indicate that PHS occurred at varying degrees across a subset of the quinoa germplasm tested and that it is possible to access PHS tolerance from natural sources. Ultimately, these genotypes can be used as parental lines in future breeding programs aiming to incorporate tolerance to PHS.

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A commitment forlife:Decades of unraveling the molecular mechanisms behind seed dormancy and germination

Cited by 25 publications

References 171 publications

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Controlling Seed Dormancy in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Controlling Seed Dormancy in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Study on Dormant and Germination Characteristics of Chinese Olive (Canarium album) Seeds

Preharvest Sprouting in Quinoa: A New Screening Method Adapted to Panicles and GWAS Components

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